opioid

1. Conclusions Anti-pain powder by oral administration combined with peripheral opioid receptors could ha.: 目的证明口服抗痛粉是否有强镇痛效应。

2. In this review, the distribution and physiologic functions of endogenous opioid peptides in hypothalamus were discussed.: 本文主要对内阿片肽在下丘脑中的分布特点及生理功能作了介绍。

3. The research team discovered changes in mu opioid receptors and dopamine transporters of the brain -- areas important to reward pathways.: 研究团队发现在的末梢神经及大脑的多巴胺传输中，区域对酬谢路径非常重要。

4. Every day I see variations at both the beginning and end of life: a young man abandoned by friends as he struggles with opioid addiction;: 每一天，我都会在生命的起点和终点看到这类情况的种种版本：一个年轻的男人在竭力对抗毒瘾之际遭到友人的抛弃；

5. It is suggested that the endogenous opioid peptidergic system might act as an important modulatory system between CNS and the immune system.: 提示中枢内阿片肽系统参与创伤应激介导的免疫功能低下，而电针具有调整创伤应激介导的免疫机能低下效应的作用。

6. "These results are interesting because we saw changes in opioid receptor gene expression in a brain area that controls how much we eat during a meal", said Bello.: 贝洛克说，这些结果很有趣，因为我们看到随着脑部阿片受体基因的改变，它控制着我们一顿饭吃多少。

7. It appears to involve more primitive aspects of the brain, activating deep structures that may block pain at a spinal level — similar to how opioid analgesics work.: 这似乎涉及到大脑更原始的问题，激活深层结构可能会阻止在脊椎级的疼痛-与阿司匹林片类镇痛药的作用相似。

8. The invention employs the side effects of the opioid formulation to permit patients to self-limit drug intake, thereby avoiding toxicity while achieving analgesia.: 本发明利用了该阿片样物质制剂的副作用使得患者可以自我限制药物摄入，从而在达到止痛效果的同时避免了中毒。

9. Especially, some of them show biphasic modulation on opioid functions, which enhance opioid analgesia, but inhibit tolerance to and substance dependence on opioids.: 特别是有些药物能对阿片功能产生双向调节作用，即增强阿片镇痛，对抗阿片耐受和躯体依赖。

10. Conclusion: Melatonin can change the responses of pain neurons to pain stimulation via opioid receptor in the LHb, which might be one of analgesic mechanisms by MEL.: 结论：褪黑色素可通过作用于外侧缰核的阿片受体而影响其痛相关神经元对痛刺激的反应，这可能是褪黑色素中枢镇痛机制之一。

11. Ibudilast, an inhibitor of glial activation and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, has shown potential in the treatment of neuropathic pain and opioid withdrawal.: 异丁司特作为一种神经胶质激活和环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶抑制剂，已被显示有治疗神经性疼痛和阿片脱瘾的可能性。

12. The previous studies suggested that endogenous opioid peptides (EOP) participate in the peripheral mechanism of electro-acupuncture (EA) analgesia for inflammatory-pain.: 以往的研究表明，内源性阿片肽（EOP）参与了EA对炎症痛镇痛的外周机制。

13. The volunteers were then told that the drug would start being administered, although no change was actually made and they continued receiving the opioid at the same dose.: 然后研究者告知志愿者：给予（镇痛）药物注射（但实际上未作变化，志愿者继续接受同剂量阿片）。

14. Naltrexone (NTX) is a general opioid receptor antagonist devoid of intrinsic activity that results in a compensatory elevation in endogenous opioids and opioid receptors.: 纳曲酮(ntx)是一个阿片受体的拮抗剂，因为他缺乏内在的活性，所以会导致细胞内的阿片类分子和阿片受体补偿性的增加。

15. Objective to investigate the effects of naloxone a competitive opioid receptor antagonist on spatial learning and memory deficits following concussive brain injury in rats.: 目的研究阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮对大鼠脑震荡后空间学习记忆缺失的影响。

16. Objective to investigate the effects of naloxone, a competitive opioid receptor antagonist, on spatial learning and memory deficits following concussive brain injury in rats.: 目的研究阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮对大鼠脑震荡后空间学习记忆缺失的影响。

17. Randomised controlled trials comparing psychosocial interventions alone versus pharmacological interventions or placebo or non-intervention for treating opioid use disorders.: 针对鸦片使用患者，比较单独使用心理社会治疗与药物治疗或安慰剂或不给予介入治疗之随机对照试验。

18. The use of opioid analgesics has a long history in clinical Settings, although the functions of opioid receptors, especially their role in the brain, are not well understood yet.: 阿片类镇痛剂的临床应用具有悠久的历史。然而，阿片受体的功能，特别是其在脑内的作用，尚未完全阐明。

19. Refractory pathological memory on opioid will be generated in animals after chronic opioid treatment, which revealed the participation of learning and memory in opioid dependence.: 阿片长期处理能够造成动物对阿片产生顽固性的病理性记忆，表明学习记忆参与了阿片依赖过程。

20. ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of strong opioid drugs in Patients with moderate-severe cancer pain and to observe the improvement of quality of life (QOL) and Prognosis.: 目的评价强阿片类药物治疗中、重度癌痛的疗效及安全性，探讨镇痛治疗对生活质量和预后的影响。

21. The new concepts about the interactions between opioid peptides and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and some theoretical problems further to be studied were suggested in this paper.: 提出了类阿片肽与丘脑下部—垂体—性腺轴相互作用的新见解以及需要进一步研究的理论问题。

22. Dr. Bello and colleagues report that either continuous eating or binge eating a high fat, high sugar diet alters opioid receptor levels in an area of the brain that controls food intake.: 贝洛克博士和他的同事们报告说，无论不停吃东西还是大量食用高脂肪食物，高糖饮食都会在控制食物摄入的大脑区域改变阿片类受体量。

23. Methods: Opioid-related constipation in 68 patients were randomly pided into treatment group (new Huanglong soup) and the control group (hemp seed soft capsule) for 3 weeks Observation.: 方法：将阿片类药物相关便秘68例患者随机分为治疗组(新加黄龙汤)和对照组(麻仁软胶囊)进行3周对比观察。

24. While receptor affinity determines the amount of opioid needed to occupy a given percentage of receptors, it is the intrinsic activity of the opioid that determines its analgesic efficacy.: 受体亲和力决定了占据一定百分比的受体所需阿片类药物的量，而内在活性决定了阿片类药物的镇痛效果。

25. Endogenous and exogenous opioids can influence and modulate neuronal and glial cell function via an opioid receptor mediated mechanism, leading to either protection or damage of the brain.: 内源及外源性阿片具有调节神经元与胶质细胞的功能，这些调节具有保护或损伤脑功能的双重作用。

26. Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, has been administered orally, intramuscularly, and intravenously in an attempt to prevent and relieve pain and reduce opioid requirements.: 痛力克是一种非甾体类抗炎药，曾被口服，肌注和静脉给药试图预防和减轻疼痛，减少对阿片类药物的需求。

27. Such as antihypertensive peptides, opioid peptides, anti-opioid peptides and immunostimulating peptides. Thus a new approach is prospected for development of functional food or pharmacology.: 这些活性肽的发现为今后进一步利用植物蛋白资源，生产功能性食品基料或药品提供了一条新途径。

28. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay for treatment of moderate and severe pain. However, the clinical use of opioid drugs still faces many obstacles, such as side effects and analgesic tolerance.: 阿片类药物被广泛应用于治疗和缓解各种中度及重度疼痛，但其严重的副作用极大地限制了其临床应用。

29. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay for treatment of moderate and severe pain. However, the clinical use of opioid drugs still faces many obstacles, such as side effects and analgesic tolerance.: 阿片类药物被广泛应用于治疗和缓解各种中度及重度疼痛，但其严重的副作用极大地限制了其临床应用。

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