Permian

1. As Permian life-forms declined, they reached a fatal threshold and species succumbed to mass extinction.: 随着二叠纪生命形式的衰退，它们达到了一个致命的临界点，物种最终走向了大灭绝。

2. The Permian event has attracted much less attention than other mass extinctions because mostly unfamiliar species perished at that time.: 二叠纪大灭绝事件比其他大灭绝事件受到的关注要少得多，因为那时灭绝的大多是我们不熟悉的物种。

3. Paul Wignall and others have found sites where marine fossil deposits reached a peak of persity at the very end of the Permian period.: 保罗·维格纳尔和其他人发现了在二叠纪末期海洋化石沉积达到多样性高峰的地点。

4. Glaciation, Young claims, has occurred throughout Earth's history, and there is evidence that it occurred toward the end off the Permian period.: 杨说，冰川作用在地球的整个发展历史中都有发生，有证据表明它发生在二叠纪末期。

5. The granite of the "Suhler Scholle " is capped with Permian sediments and igneous deposits.: 苏勒·肖勒花岗岩上覆盖着二叠纪沉积物和火成岩。

6. This was the end of the Permian period, and of the era of life called the Paleozoic.: 这就是二叠纪以及整个古生代的终结。

7. First, that there was not one mass extinction at the end of the Permian, but several.: 第一，在二叠纪结束的时候并不是一个大规模灭绝，而是好几个。

8. The die-off was surpassed only by the gargantuan Permian extinction 250 million years ago.: 只有2亿5000万年前史上空前的二叠纪大灭绝盖过这次灭绝。

9. Recent evidence suggests, however, that the end-Permian may have been long in the making.: 但是，最近的证据显示，这次大灭绝的形成时间很长。

10. Most rock sequences that straddle the end of the Permian are either incomplete or hard to date.: 二叠纪末期大部分岩石记录要么残缺不全，要么难以断代。

11. Grasses did not exist at that time but it may have fed on stems or leaves of Permian flora.: 然而剑齿龟生活的年代还没有草生长，因而食物来源可能是二叠纪植物群的茎或叶。

12. Permian-Triassic The worst mass extinction took place 250m years ago, killing 95% of all species.: 二叠纪-三叠纪最严重的大灭绝发生在两亿五千万年以前，杀死了所有物种的95%。

13. The reservoirs in Permian is consist of carbonate rock, tuff, clastic rock and volcanic rock.: 二叠系储集层主要由碳酸盐岩、沉凝灰岩、碎屑岩和火山岩组成。

14. Ammonoids, with their tightly coiled, spiral shells, are also widespread in the Permian fossil record.: 鹦鹉螺化石，这些螺旋状的贝壳，经常分布在二叠纪的化石群中。

15. The loss of so many species at the end of the Permian gave new creatures the chance to take their place.: 生存在二叠纪末的许多丢失的物种会产生新的生物体的机会来取代原有物种。

16. Scientists are still debating the cause of the end-Permian extinction, the biggest the Earth has ever known.: 科学家们对地球上有史以来最大的二迭纪末大灭绝的原因依然有争议。

17. The end of the Permian period, 252m years ago, was marked by the biggest extinctionof life known to have happened on Earth.: 两亿五千两百万年前的二叠纪末期，发生了地球上迄今为止所知的最大一次生物灭绝。

18. The Permian period, which ended in the largest mass extinction the Earth has ever known, began about 299 million years ago.: 二叠纪开始于2.99亿年前，并以地球上最大规模的物种灭绝而结束。

19. Upper Jurassic red bed cover directly on coal measure strata of Permian and Carboniferous system in Yanzhou coal field.: 兖州煤田的上侏罗统红层直接覆盖于二叠、石炭系煤系地层之上。

20. Emergence stratums are of Sinian, Devonian, Permian, Trias and intrusive granite dike and coarse - grained granite dike.: 出露地层为震旦系、泥盆系、二叠系、三叠系以及侵入的花岗岩脉和花岗伟晶岩脉。

21. The end of the Permian period, 252m years ago, was marked by the biggest extinction of life known to have happened on Earth.: 252百万年前的二叠纪晚期以已知的地球上发生过的最惨痛的生物灭绝事件著称。

22. When Grasby and his team analyzed rocks from just before the Permian mass extinction, they noticed unusual microscopic particles.: 当Grasby和他的团队分析了“二叠纪灭绝”前的岩石成分后，他们注意到一些不寻常的微观颗粒。

23. Previously, the only dateable layers were from the moment the Permian ended and from a subsequent volcanic event some 14m years later.: 在此之前唯一可以确定年代的地层是二叠纪结束的时刻，以及大约1400万年后的火山爆发事件。

24. Although not one of the "big five" mass extinctions, the mid-Permian extinction has long been considered an important, if puzzling, event.: 尽管不是五次物种大灭绝之一，二叠纪中期的物种灭绝依然被长期作为谜一般的事件受到重点关注。

25. The study of the ecosystems in the survival and recovery time in the Early Triassic following the end-Permian mass extinction becomes a hotspot.: 二叠纪末大灭绝之后，三叠纪初残存期和复苏期生态系研究成为当今热点。

26. The Earth has witnessed several mass extinctions in its 4.5bn year history, but the event that struck at the end of the Permian was unequaled in scale.: 地球在她45亿年的历史长河中，已经见证了几次大规模的灭绝，但是发生在二叠纪末的整个重大事件在规模上堪称史无前例。

27. Eurypterid: any of various large segmented aquatic arthropods of the order eurypterida that existed from the ordovician period to the Permian period.: (古生)板足鲎目的：一种巨大的、有节的，属于板足鲎目的水生节肢动物，生存于奥陶纪到二叠纪时期。

28. Finding cenospheres in late Permian rocks worldwide would bolster the notion that the tiny particles played a major role in causing the extinction, says Grasby.: Grasby说，只要在全球范围的二叠纪岩石中发现“煤胞”的存在，那由这些致命微粒导致大灭绝的理念就可以得到极大的佐证。

29. Finding cenospheres in late Permian rocks worldwide would bolster the notion that the tiny particles played a major role in causing the extinction, says Grasby.: Grasby说，只要在全球范围的二叠纪岩石中发现“煤胞”的存在，那由这些致命微粒导致大灭绝的理念就可以得到极大的佐证。

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