treason的词源
英文词源
- treason
- treason: [13] Treason and tradition are doublets – they have a common source. This was Latin trāditiō, a derivative of trādere ‘hand over, deliver’ (source also of English traitor). The notion of ‘handing something on to someone else’ lies behind tradition, but treason (acquired via Anglo-Norman treisoun) gets its meaning from the metaphorically extended Latin sense ‘hand over treacherously, betray’.
=> betray, tradition, traitor - treason (n.)
- c. 1200, "betraying; betrayal of trust; breech of faith," from Anglo-French treson, from Old French traison "treason, treachery" (11c.; Modern French trahison), from Latin traditionem (nominative traditio) "a handing over, delivery, surrender" (see tradition). Old French form influenced by the verb trair "betray." In old English law, high treason is violation by a subject of his allegiance to his sovereign or to the state; distinguished from petit treason, treason against a subject, such as murder of a master by his servant. Constructive treason was a judicial fiction whereby actions carried out without treasonable intent, but found to have the effect of treason, were punished as though they were treason itself. The protection against this accounts for the careful wording of the definition of treason in the U.S. Constitution.
中文词源
treason：不忠，叛逆，谋反，叛国(罪)
来源于拉丁语中由trans-(横过,越过)和dare(给)组成的复合动词tradere(交付)。
同源词：traitor, tradition, betray
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：treason 词源，treason 含义。
来自古法语 traison,背叛，来自拉丁语 traditionem,移交，投降，来自拉丁语 tradere,转移，移 交，词源同 tradition,betray.引申词义叛国罪。
1352年英国议会制定的Statute of Treasons(叛逆法)将treason区分成high treason(重判逆罪)和petit treason（轻判逆罪）两大类。High treason指叛国罪，即对国家或君主所犯下的各种罪行；petit treason指妻杀夫、仆杀主等行为。Treason原指“背叛”和“不忠”，但在现代英语一般多指“叛国（罪）”或“通敌（罪）”。Treason和tradition系同源姐妹词，都源于拉丁语tradere‘hand over, deliver’的派生词traditio. 不同的是，treason在13世纪转借自古法语traison，取的是traditio的引申义handing over treacherously(背叛)，而tradition则是以后直接借自拉丁语，取 traditio的另一个引申义teaching（教导）或tradition（传统）。另两个英语单词traitor(叛徒)和betray究其根源，亦源自拉丁语动词。
来自古法语 traison,背叛，来自拉丁语 traditionem,移交，投降，来自拉丁语 tradere,转移，移 交，词源同 tradition,betray.引申词义叛国罪。
