calendar的词源
英文词源
- calendar
- calendar: [13] English acquired calendar via Anglo-Norman calender and Old French calendier from Latin calendārium, which was a ‘moneylender’s account book’. It got its name from the calends (Latin calendae), the first day of the Roman month, when debts fell due. Latin calendae in turn came from a base *kal- ‘call, proclaim’, the underlying notion being that in ancient Rome the order of days was publicly announced at the beginning of the month.
The calendula [19], a plant of the daisy family, gets its name from Latin calendae, perhaps owing to its once having been used for curing menstrual disorders. Calender ‘press cloth or paper between rollers’ [15], however, has no connection with calendar; it probably comes from Greek kúlindros ‘roller’, source of English cylinder.
- calendar (n.)
- c. 1200, "system of pision of the year;" mid-14c. as "table showing pisions of the year;" from Old French calendier "list, register," from Latin calendarium "account book," from calendae/kalendae "calends" the first day of the Roman month -- when debts fell due and accounts were reckoned -- from calare "to announce solemnly, call out," as the priests did in proclaiming the new moon that marked the calends, from PIE root kele- (2) "to call, shout" (see claim (v.)).
Taken by the early Church for its register list of saints and their feast days. The -ar spelling in English is 17c. to differentiate it from the now obscure calender "cloth-presser."
中文词源
古代罗马人有一种特别的宗教习俗。有负责历法的祭司负责观察月亮变化。一旦发现新月 出现，他就会向大家宣告新的一月开始，欠债者需要在这一天将到期的债务还清。拉丁语中表示罗马月份的第一天的单词是calendae，由calare（庄 严宣布，大声呼喊）衍生而成，英语单词claim（宣布）与calare同源，而英语单词calends（罗马月份的第一天）和calendar（日历） 都源自拉丁语calendae。
calendar：['kælɪndə]n.日历，历法
calends：['kælɪndz]n.罗马月份的第一天
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：calendar 词源，calendar 含义。
来自词根cal, 叫喊，词源同claim.源自古罗马时期在月初第一天进行收帐，后代指日历。
来源于拉丁语动词clam.o, -are, -avi, -atus呼喊,声明。古罗马时期,每月月初,会有官员在广场宣布这个月是今年的几月份,这个月有多少天,其中哪一天准备过什么节,等等;所以最初的日历实际上是"喊叫"出来的。
-clam-叫喊 → calendar
