acre的词源

英文词源

acre

acre: [OE] Acre is a word of ancient ancestry, going back probably to the Indo-European base *ag-, source of words such as agent and act. This base had a range of meanings covering ‘do’ and ‘drive’, and it is possible that the notion of driving contributed to the concept of driving animals on to land for pasture. However that may be, it gave rise to a group of words in Indo- European languages, including Latin ager (whence English agriculture), Greek agros, Sanskrit ájras, and a hypothetical Germanic *akraz.

By this time, people’s agricultural activities had moved on from herding animals in open country to tilling the soil in enclosed areas, and all of this group of words meant specifically ‘field’. From the Germanic form developed Old English æcer, which as early as 1000 AD had come to be used for referring to a particular measured area of agricultural land (as much as a pair of oxen could plough in one day).
=> act, agent, agriculture, eyrie, onager, peregrine, pilgrim

acre (n.)

Old English æcer "tilled field, open land," from Proto-Germanic *akraz "field, pasture" (cognates: Old Norse akr, Old Saxon akkar, Old Frisian ekker, Middle Dutch acker, Dutch akker, Old High German achar, German acker, Gothic akrs), from PIE *agro- "field" (cognates: Latin ager "field, land," Greek agros, Sanskrit ajras "plain, open country").

Originally in English without reference to dimension; in late Old English the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plow in a day, afterward defined by statute as a piece 40 poles by 4, or an equivalent shape (5 Edw. I, 31 Edw. III, 24 Hen. VIII). Original sense retained in God's acre "churchyard."

中文词源

acre（英亩）：一对牛一天能耕的面积

英语单词acre原本并非计量单位，而是“耕开的土地”的意思。后来，acre才演变为计量单位，一英亩到底有多大呢？其实就是平均一对牛一天能耕的面积。在古代英国，耕地时通常使用一对牛来拉一把犁，一天下来，这对牛能耕的面积就是一英亩。后来英国政府才明确规定了acre的面积，等于大约6亩、0.4公顷。

acre： ['eɪkə] n.英亩，土地，地产

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：acre 词源，acre 含义。

acre：英亩

来自词根agro, 农业，农田，见agriculture,农学。在古英语里指一块土地，后量化为一头牛一天所能耕作的土地，即1英亩。

acre：英亩

古代巴比伦人把水浇地叫做 agar。该词进入拉丁语后，作ager，公园10世纪后进入英语，作acre或acras。

最初acre指未被占用的土地，以后又指一对同轭牛从日出至日落所犁土地的面积。

到了爱德华一世时代（1272-1307）才正式把acre作为土地面积，指4乘40平方杆的土地，汉语翻译为英亩。从古英语直到莎士比亚时代acre还往往被用来泛指田地。

acre：英亩

来源于拉丁语ager, agri, m(田地)

词根词缀： -agr-田地→acr + -e