In the case of the main highway s (national and provincial highway) mileage,pavement types,service years and so on in China,the annual pavement maintenance cost of different axle load limits is estimated.
根据已建立的不同轴重限值下的轴重分布模型 ,以及中国干线公路 (国道 +省道 )的里程、路面结构类型、使用时间等 ,计算分析了不同轴重限值 (简称轴限 )下国道的年养护维修费用 ;以统计数据和模型计算结果相结合 ,建立了车辆运营成本计算模型 ,从而计算分析了不同轴限下的车辆运营费用 ;由以上的计算结果 ,得出了总体经济效益最佳的车辆轴重限
In the case of the main highways (national and provincial highway)mileage,grades,past years,pavement types and maintenance approaches in China,the annual maintenance cost of different axle load limits was estimated.
结果表明，轴限提高至１３ｔ时，道路的养护维修费用急骤增长，增长幅度较大；并且轴限愈高，轴限约束水平对道路养护维修费用的影响愈敏感。
In this paper, from the viewpoint of technical economics, the construction cost, maintenance cost and vehicle transportation cost of different axle 條oad limits in the main highway of Hebei province are analyzed, and the method of selecting the reasonable axle-load limit was put forward.
本文以河北省干线公路为分析对象，从技术经济学角度出发，分析了不同轴限对公路建设费用，公路养护费用及车辆运输成本的影响，并提出了选择合理轴限的选择方法。
Analysis on How to Reduce the Highway s Maintenance Cost with the Traffic Statistical Data;
由交通统计数据分析如何降低公路养护费用
The Highway Curing Management and Construction Unit Model and Its Norm Cost Control in Market-oriented Mode;
市场化模式下高速公路管养机构模型及养护费用定额控制
A new highway system will normally increase the area of carriageway and hence the cost of maintenance.
一个新交通系统，常因为加宽车行道而增加了道路的面积，以致增加了养护费用。
Lessor pay the salary of the driver in the using process, insurance (full) fee, car maintenance fee, the fee of fuel ,road maintenance fee , and annual check-up fees.
上述租金包括司机的工资，保险和车辆的保险费、维护保养费、燃油费、养路费、审验费等费用。
Golf Play,Buggy,Caddy Service,Maintenabce,Cleaning,Facility Use and insurance.
所有的费用包括高尔夫打球费,球车费,球童费,养护费,清洁费,设备使用费和保险.
The Research of Benefit Model in Highway Maintenance Economical Decision-making
费用效益模型在公路养护经济决策中的应用研究
Claiming alimony, costs of support or upbringing, pensions for the disabled and medical expenses,
追索赡养费、扶养费、抚育费、抚恤金、医疗费用的，
Research on High-grade Highway Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Decision Making Based on Cost Analysis;
基于费用分析的高等级公路沥青路面养护决策研究
pension costs and obligations
养恤金费用和待付款
High overheads and maintenance cost top the list.
高昂的经常性费用和保养费居首位
automatic operation provides water usage savings over other flushing devices. Reduces maintenance and operation costs.
全自动运行使得水的消耗比其它种类的冲洗设备低得多。也降低了保养维护和运行费用。
The inpidual that because be versed in casualties place is caused,includes is direct pecuniary loss and precaution, cure, nurse, the charge of rehabilitation and recuperate.
包括因工伤亡所造成的个人直接经济损失和预防、治疗、护理、康复以及疗养的费用。
Fund-Raising for Highway Construction and Maintenanceafter China s Shift from Fee-Charging to Taxation;
试探“费改税”后公路建设养护资金的筹措
Use of solar conservation transformation of steam conservation of concrete block
采用太阳能养护改造蒸汽养护混凝土砌块
utilization, development, protection and conservation of IW
国际水道的使用、开发、保护和养护
administrative expenses
行政费用；管理费用(养恤金基金或其他基金)养恤金基金或其他基金
Necessary expenses incurred for the custody of the civil aircraft.
（二）管维护该民用航空器的必需费用。
The cost of such maintenance.
保养费这种保养的花费