welsh的词源

英文词源

Welsh (adj.)youdaoicibaDictYouDict
Old English Wielisc, Wylisc (West Saxon), Welisc, Wælisc (Anglian and Kentish) "foreign; British (not Anglo-Saxon), Welsh; not free, servile," from Wealh, Walh "Celt, Briton, Welshman, non-Germanic foreigner;" in Tolkien's definition, "common Gmc. name for a man of what we should call Celtic speech," but also applied in Germanic languages to speakers of Latin, hence Old High German Walh, Walah "Celt, Roman, Gaulish," and Old Norse Val-land "France," Valir "Gauls, non-Germanic inhabitants of France" (Danish vælsk "Italian, French, southern"); from Proto-Germanic *Walkhiskaz, from a Celtic tribal name represented by Latin Volcæ (Caesar) "ancient Celtic tribe in southern Gaul."

As a noun, "the Britons," also "the Welsh language," both from Old English. The word survives in Wales, Cornwall, Walloon, walnut, and in surnames Walsh and Wallace. Borrowed in Old Church Slavonic as vlachu, and applied to the Rumanians, hence Wallachia. Among the English, Welsh was used disparagingly of inferior or substitute things (such as Welsh cricket "louse" (1590s); Welsh comb "thumb and four fingers" (1796), and compare welch (v.)). Welsh rabbit is from 1725, also perverted by folk-etymology as Welsh rarebit (1785).

中文词源

Welsh:威尔士

来自Proto-Germanic*walhaz,凯尔特部落名,凯尔特人,后词义通用化,用于指外国人,不固定的罗马人,高卢人,不列颠人等非日耳曼人,直至后来指现代意义上的威尔士人。大部分现代凯尔特语学者认为该词原义为猎鹰,词源同falcon, 也有学者偏向于词义为狼,词源同wolf. 词义演变比较frank.

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版:Welsh 词源,Welsh 含义。

welsh:赖帐

来自Welsh,威尔干人。赖帐义可能来自英国人的对威尔士的调侃或开涮。比较Dutch courage,French letter.

Welsh:威尔士人

古英语时期(450年到1150年)之前,居住在不列颠岛上的居民是约在公元前700年左右从欧洲西部越过海峡迁徙过来的凯尔特人(Celts),其中有一支名叫布立吞人Britons的分支逐步成为岛上的主体民族。英语中的不列颠Britain即由此而来。公元前449年及随后的两个世纪中,日耳曼人中的盎格鲁-撒克逊部族不断入侵不列颠岛,由于征服者中盎格鲁人的数量最多,不列颠岛逐渐以盎格鲁人而命名。England一词来自于“land of the Angles”(盎格鲁人的国土)。而岛上以布立吞人为主体的凯尔特人被挤兑到西部山地之中,英格兰人(盎格鲁人)称其为Welsh(威尔士人,异族人),并将他们栖息的地区称为Wales(威尔士,异族人之地)。

Welsh:威尔士人;威尔士语;威尔士的

公元450年,日耳曼的一个部族——盎格鲁撒克逊人(Anglo-Saxons)入侵并统治了英伦诸岛,他们把那里的原住民凯尔特人(Celts)称作wealh,意思是“外国人”。15世纪以后该词演变为Wales,成了英国一个王国威尔士的名称,其古英语形容词形式waelisc,原义为“外国的”,则演变为现在的Welsh,用以表示“威尔士的”,作名词用时,指“威尔士人”或“威尔士语”。

与Welsh同出一源的德语形容词welsch(外国的)及名词Welschland(外国,尤指意大利、法国)至今还保留着“外国的”这一古义。另外,我们还能从walnut(胡桃)一词的来源探寻到Wales和Welsh的原始词义。(参见walnut)

welsh:赖帐

来自 Welsh, 威尔干人。 赖帐义可能来自英国人对威尔士人的调侃或开涮。 比较 Dutch courage,French letter.