welcome的词源

英文词源

welcome

welcome: [12] Old English had the greeting wilcume, which was a compound word formed from wil- ‘pleasure’ (ancestor of modern English will) and cume, a derivative of cuman ‘come’. From it was formed the verb wilcumian ‘welcome’. (German has the parallel wilkommen.) Then in the early Middle English period, due to the similarity of well and the influence of the parallel Old French greeting bienvenu (literally ‘well come’), it changed to welcome.
=> come, will

welcome (n.)

Old English wilcuma "welcome!" exclamation of kindly greeting, from earlier wilcuma (n.) "welcome guest," literally "one whose coming suits another's will or wish," from willa "pleasure, desire, choice" (see will (n.)) + cuma "guest," related to cuman (see come). Similar formation in Old High German willicomo, Middle Dutch wellecome. Meaning "entertainment or public reception as a greeting" is recorded from 1530. The adjective is from Old English wilcuma. You're welcome as a formulaic response to thank you is attested from 1907. Welcome mat is from 1908; welcome wagon is attested from 1940.

welcome (v.)

Old English wilcumian "to welcome, greet gladly," from wilcuma (see welcome (n.)). Related: Welcomed; welcoming.

中文词源

welcome：欢迎

来自古英语wilcuma,来自wil-,希望，渴望，词源同will,cuma-,来到，词源同come。即渴望您的到来，欢迎您的光临，后拼写受well影响俗化。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：welcome 词源，welcome 含义。

welcome：欢迎

乍看起来，welcome像是well和come二词复合而成。相应的法语词bienvenu（bien 'well' + venu 'come'）不是也有类似的组合吗？其实，词义虽然差不多，但词形的构成却各有源头及演变过程。

welcome在古英语的词形为wilcuma，由wil 'desire, pleasure'（即今will的词源）和cuma 'comer'（来自cuman 'come'）合成，意为desired guest（渴望见到的客人）或agreeable guest（令人愉快的客人），对于这样的客人我们当然是欢迎的。到了中古英语初期，受了古法语bienvenu的影响，加之wil和wel（即今well的前身）比较相似，wilcuma便逐渐演变为welcome。它可用作名词和动词，表示“欢迎”或“迎接”，也可作感叹词用，表示“欢迎”，还可用作形容词，用于“受欢迎的”、“可喜的”、“可以随便做的”等义。

1960年you're welcome在美国英语中开始被作为回答对方道谢时用的客套语，相当于汉语“不用谢”或“别客气”。

welcome：欢迎

来自古英语 wilcuma,来自 wil-,希望，渴望，词源同 will,cuma-,来到，词源同 come.即渴望您 的到来，欢迎您的光临，后拼写受 well 影响俗化。