water的词源

英文词源

water

water: [OE] Water is an ancient and widespread word, which goes back ultimately to prehistoric Indo-European *wodōr. Its relatives include Greek húdōr ‘water’ (source of the English prefix hydro-), Latin unda ‘wave’ (source of English redundant, surround, undulate, etc), Russian voda ‘water’ (source of English vodka), Gaelic uisge ‘water’ (source of English whisky), Lithuanian vanduō ‘water’, Latvian ūdens ‘water’, Sanskrit udán ‘water’, and Hittite watar ‘water’.

In the Germanic languages it has become German wasser (source of English vaseline), Dutch and English water, Swedish vatten, and Danish vand. Otter comes from a variant of the same Indo-European base, as may winter, and wet is closely related.
=> abound, hydro-, otter, redundant, surround, undulate, vaseline, vodka, wet, whisky

water (n.1)

Old English wæter, from Proto-Germanic *watar (cognates: Old Saxon watar, Old Frisian wetir, Dutch water, Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, Old Norse vatn, Gothic wato "water"), from PIE *wod-or, from root *wed- (1) "water, wet" (cognates: Hittite watar, Sanskrit udrah, Greek hydor, Old Church Slavonic and Russian voda, Lithuanian vanduo, Old Prussian wundan, Gaelic uisge "water;" Latin unda "wave").

To keep (one's) head above water in the figurative sense is recorded from 1742. Water cooler is recorded from 1846; water polo from 1884; water torture from 1928. Linguists believe PIE had two root words for water: *ap- and *wed-. The first (preserved in Sanskrit apah as well as Punjab and julep) was "animate," referring to water as a living force; the latter referred to it as an inanimate substance. The same probably was true of fire (n.).

water (v.)

Old English wæterian "moisten, irrigate, supply water to; lead (cattle) to water;" from water (n.1). Meaning "to dilute" is attested from late 14c.; now usually as water down (1850). To make water "urinate" is recorded from early 15c. Related: Watered; watering.

water (n.2)

measure of quality of a diamond, c. 1600, from water (n.1), perhaps as a translation of Arabic ma' "water," which also is used in the sense "lustre, splendor."

中文词源

water：水

来自PIE*wed,水，湿的，词源同wet,undulate,otter.该词通常被语言学家认为是无生命的水，而PIE*ap则是有生命的水，词源同aquatic,Punjab.参照fire,ignite.

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：water 词源，water 含义。

water：水，雨水，海水，域

water的词源可追溯至原始印欧语wodor，在希腊语中为hudor(水,--是英语otter以及词根-hydr-, -hydro-的词源)、在拉丁语中为unda(波,--英语词根-und-的词源)、在俄语中为voda(水,--英语vodka的词源)、苏格兰凯尔特语为uisge(水,--英语whisky的词源);原始印欧语wodor在日耳曼语族中的派生词有德语wasser(水,--英语vaseline的词源)、荷兰语和英语water、瑞典语vatten、丹麦语vand、英语wet。

与词根-hydr-, -hydro-,-und-同源

同源词：otter, vodka, whisky, vaseline, wet 词组/短语：mineral water 矿泉水

water：水

来自 PIE*wed,水，湿的，词源同 wet,undulate,otter.该词通常被语言学家认为是无生命的水， 而 PIE*ap 则是有生命的水，词源同 aquatic,Punjab.参照 fire,ignite.