umpire的词源

英文词源

umpire

umpire: [15] An umpire is etymologically someone who is ‘not the equal’ of others, and is therefore neutral between them. The word’s ultimate source is Old French nomper, a compound noun formed from the prefix non- ‘not’ and per ‘equal’ (source of English peer). This was borrowed into English in the 14th century as noumpere, but soon mispision of a noumpere as an oumpere led to umpire (the same process produced adder from an original nadder).
=> peer

umpire (n.)

mid-14c., noumper, from Old French nonper "odd number, not even," in reference to a third person to arbitrate between two, from non "not" (see non-) + per "equal," from Latin par (see par). Initial -n- lost by mid-15c. due to faulty separation of a noumpere, heard as an oumpere. Originally legal, the gaming sense first recorded 1714 (in wrestling).

umpire (v.)

1610s, from umpire (n.). Related: Umpired; umpiring.

中文词源

umpire：裁判

来自古法语nonper, 奇数，不均，non-, 非，-per,对等，词源同 par. 引申词义第三者，裁判，参照testament, 第三人，见证，证据。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：umpire 词源，umpire 含义。

umpire：仲裁人，裁定人

这个单词一般指“公断人”，“仲裁人”，在法律上指“裁定人”（即仲裁人之间意见不一致时参加公断的第三者），在体育上则指“裁判员”，只限用于羽毛球、棒球、乒乓球、网球及排球等比赛中。14世纪源于古法语nonper/nomper(non 'not' + per 'equal,peer')，原字面义是third person （第三者），在中世纪英语原拼作 noumpere，到15世纪时首字母n脱离了 noumpere，转附到前面的不定冠词上，a noumpere 变成an oumpere,最后又演变为an umpire。类似现象也发生于另外几个英语单词。如apron （围裙），adder（蝰蛇），auger（螺旋钻）等原先词首都有个字母n。

umpire：裁判

来自古法语 nonper,奇数，不均，来自 non-,非，-per,对等，词源同 par.引申词义第三者，裁