umbrella的词源
英文词源
- umbrella
- umbrella: [17] Etymologically, an umbrella is a ‘little shadow’. The word was borrowed from Italian ombrella, a diminutive form of ombra ‘shade, shadow’. This in turn went back to Latin umbra, source of English sombre, umbrage, etc. It originally denoted a ‘sunshade’, and that meaning followed it into English, but it was not long before the vagaries of the British climate saw it being applied to a ‘protector against rain’.
=> umbrage - umbrella (n.)
- "hand-held portable canopy which opens and folds," c. 1600, first attested in Donne's letters, from Italian ombrello, from Late Latin umbrella, altered (by influence of umbra) from Latin umbella "sunshade, parasol," diminutive of umbra "shade, shadow" (see umbrage).
A sunshade in the Mediterranean, a shelter from the rain in England; in late 17c. usage, usually as an Oriental or African symbol of dignity. Said to have been used by women in England from c. 1700; the use of rain-umbrellas carried by men there traditionally is dated to c. 1750, first by Jonas Hathaway, noted traveler and philanthropist. Figurative sense of "authority, unifying quality" (usually in a phrase such as under the umbrella of) is recorded from 1948.
中文词源
中国人最早发明的伞是用来挡雨的，所以叫“雨伞”。西方人最早发明的伞不是用来挡雨的，而是用来遮阳的。在西方，最早的伞就是一块遮阳板，板上蒙着一块绷紧了的麻布。在古希腊，伞状遮阳板是节日盛装不可缺少的陪衬。奴隶主让仆人在自己的身后高高地举着遮阳板，以显示自己的权势和高贵。因为打伞的人必须站在主人身后，所以伞柄不是安在伞的中央，而是在伞的边上。到了中世纪，伞变成了宗教权力的象征，地位越高的人，伞越豪华。罗马教皇用的伞精致至极，伞面上装饰着鲜红和金黄的羽毛，伞把上刻着精美的天使雕像。
由于古代西方人的伞是用来遮阳的，所以在拉丁语中，表示伞的单词是umbrella，是umbra（树荫、阴影）的指小形式，意思就是“小荫凉”。英语单词umbrella就来源于此，与它同源的单词有umbrage，本意是“树荫”，常用来比喻“不快、生气、怀疑”。
umbrella：[ʌm'brelə] n.伞，保护伞，庇护，伞状结构
umbrage：['ʌmbrɪdʒ] n.不快，生气，怀疑，树荫
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：umbrella 词源，umbrella 含义。
来自拉丁语umbra,阴影，影子，词源同adumbrate, umbrage,-ella, 小词后缀。用来指遮阳伞或雨伞。
来自拉丁语 umbra,阴影，影子，词源同 adumbrate,umbrage,-ella,小词后缀。用来指遮阳伞或 雨伞。
