tragedy的词源

英文词源

tragedyyoudaoicibaDictYouDict
tragedy: [14] Etymologically, a tragedy is probably a ‘goat-song’. The word comes via Old French tragedie and Latin tragoedia from Greek tragōidíā, a compound formed from trágos ‘goat’ and ōidé ‘song’ (source of English ode, parody, rhapsody, etc). It is thought that the underlying reference may be to a sort of ancient Greek drama in which the chorus were dressed as satyrs, goatlike woodland deities.
=> melody, ode, parody, prosody, rhapsody
tragedy (n.)youdaoicibaDictYouDict
late 14c., "play or other serious literary work with an unhappy ending," from Old French tragedie (14c.), from Latin tragedia "a tragedy," from Greek tragodia "a dramatic poem or play in formal language and having an unhappy resolution," apparently literally "goat song," from tragos "goat" + oide "song" (see ode).

The connection may be via satyric drama, from which tragedy later developed, in which actors or singers were dressed in goatskins to represent satyrs. But many other theories have been made (including "singer who competes for a goat as a prize"), and even the "goat" connection is at times questioned. Meaning "any unhappy event, disaster" is from c. 1500.

中文词源

Tragedy(悲剧):古希腊酒神节上的“山羊之歌”

英语单词tragedy(悲剧)源自希腊语tragodia,由tragos(goat,山羊)+oide(song,歌)组成,字面意思就是“山羊之歌”。

“悲剧”与“山羊”到底有何关系呢?关于这一点,历来众说纷纭,莫衷一是,有一种说法是,悲剧源自古希腊的酒神节上表演的“羊人剧”(satyric drama)。在羊人剧中,演员身披羊皮,装扮成羊人,所以被称为“山羊之歌”。另一种说法是,在酒神节上歌手们为了竞争作为奖品的山羊而高唱悲歌。还有一种说法,在酒神节上歌手们围绕着献祭给酒神的山羊歌唱酒神的不幸。

tragedy: ['trædʒɪdɪ] n.悲剧,悲惨的事

tragic: ['trædʒɪk] adj.悲剧的,悲惨的,不幸的

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版:Tragedy 词源,Tragedy 含义。

tragedy:悲剧

在古希腊有一种吟游诗人,他们走村串户,四处游荡,为人们朗诵或演唱叙事史诗。这种吟游诗人叫tragoidos;这里的trago,就是“goat(山羊)”;oidos即“singer(歌手)”。英语的tragedy就是从trago,即“山羊”演变来的。

可是“悲剧”怎么会是从“山羊”变来的呢?关于这一点,历来众说纷纭,莫衷一是,有一种说法是,当时的悲歌是为向古希腊的戏剧之神Dionysus献祭的山羊而唱的,另一种说法是,“山羊”是作为节日的奖品发放的。还有一种说法,古希腊的来兹波斯岛的Arion在节日时身穿山羊皮衣向一帮色情狂演说,招致了感情奔放的悲剧。

tragedy:悲剧

今指“悲剧”的tragedy 一词其字面原义是goat-song(山羊之歌)。它源于希腊语tragoidia,该词原指由一人或多人扮演山羊,有人伴唱的一种宗教仪式舞蹈。悲剧与山羊究竟有何联系,这一直是学者们长期以来争论不休的问题。一般学者认为,希腊悲剧和喜剧源于祭祀酒神狄俄尼索斯(Dionysus)的仪式,因此有的学者把tragedy 一词所含有tragos (山羊)这一成分归因于作祭祀用的山羊。有的人认为山羊在古代曾被作为狂欢活动中诵诗会上的优胜奖品之一。还有的认为,早期的悲剧演员就像戏剧中的森林之神(satyrs)总是身披羊皮。

tragedy:悲剧(戏剧),悲剧作品

来自拉丁语 tragedia,悲剧,来自希腊语 tragodia,悲剧,来自 tragos,山羊,-edy,诗,歌,词源 同 ode,comedy.该词字面意思即山羊之歌,其词义过渡存在争议,一说是古希腊时期演员演 戏的时候披着山羊皮,一说是对演员奖励一只山羊,还有说法是在演戏之前宰一只山羊祭祀 神灵,而山羊在古希腊时期为常见祭品。

tragedy:悲剧(戏剧),悲剧作品

来自拉丁语 tragedia,悲剧,来自希腊语 tragodia,悲剧,来自 tragos,山羊,-edy,诗,歌,词源 同 ode,comedy.该词字面意思即山羊之歌,其词义过渡存在争议,一说是古希腊时期演员演 戏的时候披着山羊皮,一说是对演员奖励一只山羊,还有说法是在演戏之前宰一只山羊祭祀 神灵,而山羊在古希腊时期为常见祭品。