toxic的词源

英文词源

toxic

toxic: [17] The etymological meaning underlying toxic is of ‘poisoned arrows’. Its ultimate source is Greek tóxon ‘bow’, which also gave English toxophily ‘archery’ [19]. From it was derived toxikós ‘of bows and arrows’, which formed the basis of a noun toxikón ‘poison for putting on arrows’. Latin took this over as toxicum ‘poison’, and the medieval Latin derivative toxicus gave English toxic.
=> toxophily

toxic (adj.)

1660s, from French toxique and directly from Late Latin toxicus "poisoned," from Latin toxicum "poison," from Greek toxikon (pharmakon) "(poison) for use on arrows," from toxikon, neuter of toxikos "pertaining to arrows or archery," and thus to a bow, from toxon "bow," probably from a Scythian word that also was borrowed into Latin as taxus "yew." Watkins suggests a possible source in Iranian taxša- "bow," from PIE *tekw- "to run, flee." As a noun from 1890.

中文词源

toxic（有毒的）：古希腊人用水松木制造的毒箭

古希腊人用水松木（拉丁语为taxus）制造弓箭，并根据水松木的名称将弓箭称为toxon。希腊语toxon的形容词是toxikon，意思是“与toxon（弓箭）相关的”。由于水松木有毒，用水松木制造的弓箭也有毒，因此toxikon一词衍生出“有毒”的含义。该词经由拉丁语进入英语后，产生了英语单词toxic，原本与弓箭有关的含义已经消失，光剩下了“有毒的”含义。

toxic：['tɒksɪk] adj.有毒的，中毒的

toxicant：['tɒksɪk(ə)nt] n.有毒物，毒药adj.有毒的

toxication：[,tɒksɪ'keɪʃən] n.中毒

intoxicate：[ɪn'tɒksɪkeɪt] vt.使中毒，使陶醉，使喝醉vi.醉，陶醉

intoxicating：[ɪn'tɒksɪ,keɪtɪŋ] adj.醉人的，令人陶醉的，使兴奋的

intoxication：[ɪn,tɒksɪ'keɪʃn] n.中毒，陶醉，喝醉

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：toxic 词源，toxic 含义。

toxic：有毒的

tox-,毒，有毒的，-ic,形容词后缀。