tip的词源
英文词源
- tip
- tip: English has three distinct words tip, two of them possibly related. Tip ‘extremity’ [15] was probably borrowed from Old Norse typpi. This was descended from prehistoric Germanic *tupp- ‘upper extremity’ (source also of English top and toupee). Tip ‘touch lightly’ [13] (as in ‘tip-and-run cricket’) may have been borrowed from Low German tippen, although it could be the same word as tip ‘extremity’ (from the notion of ‘just touching something with the tip of something else’).
It was used in 17th-century underworld argot for ‘give’ (as in ‘tip someone the wink’), and this evolved in the 18th century to ‘give a gratuity’. The antecedents of tip ‘overturn’ [14] (originally tipe) are not known, although the fact that it first appeared in northern dialects suggests that it may have been borrowed from a Scandinavian language. The derived tipsy [16] denotes etymologically ‘liable to fall over’.
=> top, toupee; tipsy - tip (v.1)
- c. 1300, "to knock down, overturn, topple, knock askew" (transitive), of uncertain origin, possibly from Scandinavian (compare Swedish tippa "to tip, dump"), or from a special use of tip (n.). Intransitive sense of "to fall over, be overturned" is from mid-15c. Related: Tipped; tipping. To tip the scales at "weigh (so much" is from 1879. Tipping point attested by 1972. To tip (one's) hand "reveal one's intentions" is from 1907, an image from poker-playing.
- tip (n.1)
- c. 1400, "extreme end of something, top of something round or pointed, metal attachment to the end of something," from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch tip "utmost point, extremity, tip" (compare German zipfel, a diminutive formation); or from a Scandinavian source (compare Old Norse typpi).
- tip (v.2)
- "give a small present of money to," c. 1600, originally "to give, hand, pass," thieves' cant, perhaps from tip (v.3) "to tap." The meaning "give a gratuity to" is first attested 1706. The noun in this sense is from 1755; the noun meaning "piece of confidential information" is from 1845; and the verb in the sense "give private information to" is from 1883.
The popularity of the tale of the word's supposed origin as an acronym in mid-18th century English taverns seems to be no older than Frederick W. Hackwood's 1909 book "Inns, Ales and Drinking Customs of Old England," where it was said to stand for To insure promptitude (in the form to insure promptness the anecdote is told from 1946). A reviewer of the book in the "Athenaeum" of Oct. 2, 1909, wrote, "We deprecate the careless repetition of popular etymologies such as the notion that "tip" originated from an abbreviated inscription on a box placed on the sideboard in old coaching-inns, the full meaning of which was "To Insure Promptitude." Also see here. - tip (v.3)
- c. 1200, "to strike, occur suddenly," of uncertain origin, possibly from Low German tippen "to poke, touch lightly," related to Middle Low German tip "end, point," and thus connected to tip (n.); or else related to tap (v.1). Meaning "strike sharply but lightly" is from 1560s. Sports sense is from 1816, originally in cricket. Related: Tipped; tipping.
- tip (n.2)
- "a light, sharp blow or tap," mid-15c., from tip (v.3).
- tip (v.4)
- "put a tip on, adorn with a tip," late 14c., from tip (n.) or Old Norse typpa. Related: Tipped; tipping.
中文词源
英语中有三个拼作tip的同形异义词，其中之一作“小费”解。关于这个tip的由来有几种不同的说法。
据说在英国文学家、词典编纂家约翰逊（Samuel Johnson,1709-1784）生活在那个时代，在英国咖啡馆桌上都放有一个硬币箱（coin box），箱上有TO INSURE PROMPTNESS 字样，意思是“保证服务迅速”。有人认为这是在暗示顾客要服务快就得给小费。tip 一词最初可能就是这三个词的首字母组成的缩略词。可是，一些词源学家对此说法很不以为然，因为小费通常总是在服务之后而不是在服务之前给的。有的人认为tip来源于荷兰语 tippen 'tap'（轻拍），最初表示放硬币在桌上发出的声响。也有的认为tip乃源自拉丁语的stipend （薪金）一词之讹用。
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：tip 词源，tip 含义。
tip：尖端，末端；小费
作“尖端”时,和top同源;作其它意义时,词源不详。
tip：告密，指点，内幕消息，给小费
可能来自 tap,轻拍，轻扣。后用于指暗示，指点，告密等，同时，轻拍某人肩膀常用于表示 鼓励，友善，后引申词义小费，并有人据此逆构出 TIP,缩写自 to insure promptitude,为保证服 务速度（而给小费）。
tip：尖端，尖点，倾斜，倾覆，倾倒
词源同 top,顶部，顶端。引申词义尖端，尖点，后用于指倾斜，倾覆，倾倒等。
tip：尖端，尖点，倾斜，倾覆，倾倒
词源同 top,顶部，顶端。引申词义尖端，尖点，后用于指倾斜，倾覆，倾倒等。
tip：告密，指点，内幕消息，给小费
可能来自 tap,轻拍，轻扣。后用于指暗示，指点，告密等，同时，轻拍某人肩膀常用于表示 鼓励，友善，后引申词义小费，并有人据此逆构出 TIP,缩写自 to insure promptitude,为保证服 务速度（而给小费）。
