thousand的词源

英文词源

thousand

thousand: [OE] Thousand is a compound noun of some antiquity, which seems to mean etymologically ‘several hundreds’. Its first element probably comes from a base denoting ‘increase’ or ‘multiplicity’, which also produced Latin tumēre ‘swell’ (source of English tumour) and Sanskrit tuvi ‘much’; its second element is the same as the first element of English hundred. The combination resulted in a prehistoric Germanic *thusundi, which evolved into German tausend, Dutch duizend, Swedish tusen, Danish tusind, and English thousand. It is shared by the Slavic languages – Russian, for instance, has tysjacha.
=> hundred, thigh, thumb, tumour

thousand (adj.)

Old English þusend, from Proto-Germanic *thusundi (cognates: Old Frisian thusend, Dutch duizend, Old High German dusunt, German tausend, Old Norse þusund, Gothic þusundi).

Related to words in Balto-Slavic (Lithuanian tukstantis, Old Church Slavonic tysashta, Polish tysiąc, Russian tysiacha, Czech tisic), and probably ultimately a compound with indefinite meaning "great multitude, several hundred," literally "swollen-hundred," with first element from PIE root *teue- (2) "to swell" (see thigh).

Used to translate Greek khilias, Latin mille, hence the refinement into the precise modern meaning. There was no general Indo-European word for "thousand." Slang shortening thou first recorded 1867. Thousand island dressing (1916) presumably is named for the region of New York on the St. Lawrence River.

中文词源

thousand：一千

来自古英语thusend,千，来自Proto-Germanic*thusundi,千，词首*thu 可能来自PIE*teue,膨胀， 鼓起，词源同thigh,thumb,-sundi,来自Proto-Germanic*hundam,百，词源同hundred.该词字面 意思为好几百，后在翻译拉丁语mille(千，词源同million）的过程中逐渐确定为固定数词。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：thousand 词源，thousand 含义。

thousand：一千

古英语中写作thusend，是从拉丁语的tumere（膨胀）以及其它一些词中节选了一部分，再加上hund（百）而合成的。意思是说“千”是“膨胀了的百”。

thousand：一千

来自古英语 thusend,千，来自 Proto-Germanic*thusundi,千，词首*thu 可能来自 PIE*teue,膨胀， 鼓起，词源同 thigh,thumb,-sundi,来自 Proto-Germanic*hundam,百，词源同 hundred.该词字面 意思为好几百，后在翻译拉丁语 mille(千，词源同 million）的过程中逐渐确定为固定数词。