thesaurus的词源

英文词源

thesaurus

thesaurus: see treasure

thesaurus (n.)

1823, "treasury, storehouse," from Latin thesaurus "treasury, a hoard, a treasure, something laid up," figuratively "repository, collection," from Greek thesauros "a treasure, treasury, storehouse, chest," from root of tithenai "to put, to place" (see theme). The meaning "encyclopedia filled with information" is from 1840, but existed earlier as thesaurarie (1590s), used as a title by early dictionary compilers, on the notion of thesaurus verborum "a treasury of words." Meaning "collection of words arranged according to sense" is first attested 1852 in Roget's title. Thesaurer is attested in Middle English for "treasurer" and thesaur "treasure" was in use 15c.-16c.

中文词源

thesaurus：类属词典，同类词汇编

19世纪直接借自拉丁语，源希腊语thesauros,本义为treasure（财宝）或treasure house（宝库）。在恺撒（Julius Caesar,100-44BC）时代，当thesaurus 进入拉丁语时，它喻指 storehouse of knowledge （知识宝库）；在文艺复兴时期，它成了几部大型希腊语拉丁语辞书名；到了近代，在不太严格的意义上，它又常被作为“词典”、“词语汇编”（lexicon）甚至“百科全书”的同义词使用，有时也指某一学科如音乐、医学等的词汇选编。但在今天，对大多数人来说，thesaurus 意指“类属词典”或“同类词汇编”，不念经是按类属排列的还是按字母排列的。此义是英国医师、语言学者罗热（Peter Mark Roget,1779-1869）首先使用的，并首次体现于他编纂的《英语词语类属词典》（Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases）。该词典按概念领域对词语进行分类，其编纂目的，正如他本人所说的，是“为表达思想提供便利，为文学创作提供帮助”。自1852年问世以来它几经修订和扩充，但直到今天依然经久不衰。 英语的另一个词treasure （财宝）和thesaurus 有亲缘关系，它可以说间接源自 thesaurus 这个拉丁语借词，其终极词源也是希腊语thesauros ,但它转道法语 tresor,所以演变为treasure 这一形式，于12世纪进入英语。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：thesaurus 词源，thesaurus 含义。

thesaurus：同义词词典

来自拉丁语 thesauras,仓库，储藏室，来自希腊语 thesauros,仓库，储藏室，来自 PIE*dhe,做， 放置，词源同 do,fact,thesis.后 19 世纪词典编纂学家借用该拉丁词来命名同义词词典，最终