surrender的词源

英文词源

surrender

surrender: [15] To surrender is etymologically to ‘give up’. The word was borrowed from Old French surrendre ‘deliver over, give up’, a compound verb formed from the prefix sur- ‘over’ and rendre ‘give, deliver’ (source of English render).
=> render

surrender (v.)

mid-15c., "to give (something) up," from Old French surrendre "give up, deliver over" (13c.), from sur- "over" (see sur- (1)) + rendre "give back" (see render (v.)). Reflexive sense of "to give oneself up" (especially as a prisoner) is from 1580s. Related: Surrendered; surrendering.

surrender (n.)

early 15c., in law, "a giving up" (of an estate, land grant, interest in property, etc.), from Anglo-French surrendre, Old French surrendre noun use of infinitive, "give up, deliver over" (see surrender (v.)).

中文词源

surrender：交出，放弃

来源于古法语中由前缀sur-(上,超过)和通俗拉丁语动词rendere(归还,后退)组成的复合动词surrendre(移交,放弃)。

同源词：render, rent

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：surrender 词源，surrender 含义。

surrender：投降

单词render已有提及，表“提供，回报”，且其词根der表“给”，所以可概括为“给予，give”；前缀sur-表“up，over”，如surpass（超过），surface（表面）等；两相结合，对应词组give up（放弃）。“投降”和“给”何干？投降常伴随领土、赔款的交付。

surrender：投降，屈服，放弃，交出

sur-,在上，向上，render,给回，返还，给予，递交。原指放弃，交出，后引申词义投降，屈 服等，且成为主要词义。词义演变比较 give up.