steer的词源

英文词源

steer

steer: Steer ‘control direction’ [OE] and steer ‘young ox’ [OE] are quite unrelated. The latter comes from a prehistoric Germanic *(s)teuraz, which also produced German and Dutch stier, Swedish tjur, and Danish tyr ‘bull’. It was descended from a base denoting ‘strength’ or ‘sturdiness’ (source also of Sanskrit somethingūra- ‘strong, thick’), and may be related to Latin taurus ‘bull’. Steer ‘control direction’ comes from a prehistoric Germanic *steurjan, source also of German steuern, Dutch stieren, Swedish styra, and Danish styre.

This in turn was derived from the noun *steurō ‘steering’, which also lies behind English stern and the first syllable of starboard.
=> starboard, stern

steer (v.)

"guide the course of a vehicle," originally by a rudder or something like it, Old English steran (Mercian), stieran (West Saxon) "steer, guide, direct; govern, rule; restrain, correct, punish," from Proto-Germanic *steurjan (cognates: Old Norse styra, Old Frisian stiora, Dutch sturen, Old High German stiuren, German steuern "to steer," Gothic stiurjan "to establish, assert"), related to *steuro "a rudder, a steering," from PIE *steu-ro- (cognates: Greek stauros "stake, pole"), extended form of root *sta- "to stand" (see stet).

The notion is of a stiff, upright pillar or post used in steering, or else perhaps "establish," hence "direct, steer." Intransitive sense also was in Old English. To steer clear of in the figurative sense of "to avoid completely" is recorded from 1723. Related: Steered; steering.

steer (n.)

"young ox," Old English steor "bullock," from Proto-Germanic *steuraz (cognates: Old Saxon stior, Old Norse stjorr, Swedish tjur, Danish tyr, Middle Dutch, Dutch, German stier, Gothic stiur "bull"), perhaps from PIE *steu-ro-, denoting "larger domestic animal" (see taurus). In U.S. of male beef cattle of any age.

中文词源

steer：驾驶，操纵

来自古英语 steran,驾驶，操纵，引领，指导，来自 Proto-Germanic*steurjan,驾驶，操纵，来 自*steuro,舵，来自 PIE*sta,站立，建立，词源同 stand.

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：steer 词源，steer 含义。

steer：阉公牛，肉用公牛

来自古英语 steor,阉公牛，肉用公牛，来自 Proto-Germanic*steuraz,公牛，来自 PIE*steu-ro, 大型家畜，雄壮动物，来自 PIE*sta,站立，词源同 stand,Taurus.