sister的词源
英文词源
- sister
- sister: [OE] Sister is one of a widespread family of ‘sister’-words that go back ultimately to Indo- European *swesor. Amongst its other descendants are Latin soror (source of French soeur, Italian sorella, and Romanian sora, not to mention English sorority [16]), Russian, Czech, and Serbo-Croat sestra, Polish siostra, Welsh chwaer, Breton c’hoar, Lithuanian sesuo, and Sanskrit svasar-. To prehistoric Germanic it contributed *swestr, which has evolved into German schwester, Dutch zuster, Swedish syster, Danish søster, and English sister. English cousin goes back ultimately to a compound based on *swesor, the Old Latin antecedent of soror.
=> sorority - sister (n.)
- mid-13c., from Old English sweostor, swuster "sister," or a Scandinavian cognate (Old Norse systir, Swedish syster, Danish søster), in either case from Proto-Germanic *swestr- (cognates: Old Saxon swestar, Old Frisian swester, Middle Dutch suster, Dutch zuster, Old High German swester, German Schwester, Gothic swistar).
These are from PIE *swesor, one of the most persistent and unchanging PIE root words, recognizable in almost every modern Indo-European language (Sanskrit svasar-, Avestan shanhar-, Latin soror, Old Church Slavonic, Russian sestra, Lithuanian sesuo, Old Irish siur, Welsh chwaer, Greek eor). French soeur "a sister" (11c., instead of *sereur) is directly from Latin soror, a rare case of a borrowing from the nominative case.
According to Klein's sources, probably from PIE roots *swe- "one's own" + *ser- "woman." For vowel evolution, see bury. Used of nuns in Old English; of a woman in general from 1906; of a black woman from 1926; and in the sense of "fellow feminist" from 1912. Meaning "female fellow-Christian" is from mid-15c. Sister act "variety act by two or more sisters" is from vaudeville (1908).
中文词源
sister：姐妹，姐，女会员，修女，妹
原始印欧语swesor,在拉丁语中为swesor和后来的soror(英语sorority的词源),在史前日耳曼语中为swestr,而swestr在日耳曼语族中产生的词汇不仅有英语sister,还有德语schwester,瑞典语syster等。
同源词：sorority
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：sister 词源，sister 含义。
来自中古英语 sister,来自古英语 sweoster,姐妹，修女，来自 Proto-Germanic*swester,姐妹，来 自 PIE*swesor,姐妹，可能来自 PIE*swe,自己的，词源同 self,-sor,姐妹，来自 PIE*es-ro,血， 词源同 sanguine,sorority.拼写可能受表阴性格后缀-ster 影响俗化，如 spinster,纺纱女。
