sibling的词源

英文词源

sibling (n.)

"brother or sister," 1903, modern revival (in anthropology) of Old English sibling "relative, kinsman," from sibb "kinship, relationship; love, friendship, peace, happiness," from Proto-Germanic *sibja- "blood relation, relative," properly "one's own" (cognates: Old Saxon sibba, Old Frisian, Middle Dutch sibbe, Old High German sippa, German Sippe, Gothic sibja "kin, kindred"), from PIE s(w)e-bh(o)- (cognates: Old Church Slavonic sobistvo, Russian sob "character, inpiduality"), an enlargement of the root *swe- "self" (see idiom). Related to the second element in gossip.

The word 'sib' or 'sibling' is coming into use in genetics in the English-speaking world, as an equivalent of the convenient German term 'Geschwister' [E.&C. Paul, "Human Heredity," 1930]

In Old English, sibb and its compounds covered grounds of "brotherly love, familial affection" which tended later to lump into love (n.), as in sibsumnes "peace, concord, brotherly love," sibbian (v.) "bring together, reconcile," sibbecoss "kiss of peace." Sibship, however, is a modern formation (1908). Sib persisted through Middle English as a noun, adjective, and verb expressing kinship and relationship.

中文词源

sibling：兄弟姐妹

其实sibling这个单词的sib-部分与self同源，-ling在这里表亲属关系，即sibling是one's own brother or sister。不过这个表self的概念在有些单词里却不好认，如：

bask： [bɑːsk] vi.晒太阳，vt.使…晒太阳，那是to bathe oneself in sunshine。

swain： [sweɪn] n.乡村青年；求爱者，则是one's own man。

swain这个单词现在不常见，但莎士比亚的剧本中却出现过很多次，我们现在能遇见的可能是这两个单词：

boatswain： ['bəʊs(ə)n] n. 水手长（young man in charge of a boat）。

coxswain： [ˈkɒksweɪn] n.舵手；艇长（officer in charge of a ship's boat and its crew）。北欧人航海技术精湛可见一斑。

该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：sibling 词源，sibling 含义。

sibling：兄弟姐妹

来 自 古 英 语 sibling, 亲 戚 ， 亲 属 ， 来 自 sibb, 亲 戚 ， 亲 属 ， -ling, 小 词 后 缀 ， 来 自 Proto-Germanic*sibja,血缘关系，同血脉，来自 PIE*swe,自己的，词源同 self,sister,swain.该词 原指有血缘联系的相对疏远的亲戚或亲属，后词义强化为有亲密血缘联系的兄弟或姐妹。