scruple的词源
英文词源
- scruple
- scruple: [16] Latin scrūpus meant ‘sharp stone’, and the notion of something troubling the mind like a painful stone in the shoe led to its metaphorical use for ‘anxiety, doubt, particularly over a moral issue’. Both meanings were carried over into the diminutive form scrūpulus, which also came to be used for a very small unit of weight. This passed into English via French scrupule as scruple, on the way losing the literal sense ‘small stone’.
- scruple (v.)
- "to have or make scruples," 1620s, from scruple (n.). Related: Scrupled; scrupling.
- scruple (n.)
- "moral misgiving, pang of conscience," late 14c., from Old French scrupule (14c.), from Latin scrupulus "uneasiness, anxiety, pricking of conscience," literally "small sharp stone," diminutive of scrupus "sharp stone or pebble," used figuratively by Cicero for a cause of uneasiness or anxiety, probably from the notion of having a pebble in one's shoe. The word in the more literal Latin sense of "small unit of weight or measurement" is attested in English from late 14c.
中文词源
古代罗马人所穿的鞋子主要由一大块厚实的鞋底构成，通过绑带交叉捆绑在脚上，类似现代人所穿的凉鞋。现在的很多女式凉鞋依然模仿古罗马鞋的款式，并曾经引领时尚潮流。穿这种鞋子时经常遇到的一个问题就是小石子容易进入鞋内。相信大家都有过这样的经历，鞋内的一粒小小石子都会让人觉得十分难受，非得脱掉鞋把石子倒出来不可。
在拉丁语中表示“小石子”的词是scrupulus，是scrupus（尖石子）的指小形式。由于鞋内的小石子令人十分难受，scrupulus一词就被古罗马著名演讲家、政治家和思想家西塞罗用来比喻“良心不安、顾虑”。该词义被后人广泛使用，而其本意反而逐渐被人遗忘。英语单词scruple（顾虑）、scrupulous（顾虑多的、审慎的）都来自拉丁语scrupulus。
scruple：['skruːp(ə)l] n.顾虑，踌躇，良心不安vi.有顾虑，踌躇vt.对……有顾虑
scrupulous：['skruːpjʊləs] adj.顾虑多的，细心的，审慎的，小心谨慎的，一丝不苟的
scrupulosity：[,skru:pju'lɔsiti] n.顾虑，慎重
该词的英语词源请访问找单词词源英文版：scruple 词源，scruple 含义。
来自拉丁语 scrupulus,顾忌，顾虑，良心不安，来自 scrupus,小石子，碎屑，可能来自 PIE*sker, 砍，切，词源同 scar,scree,scrap.比喻用法。
