monster的词源
英文词源
- monster
- monster: [13] Monster originated as a word for a ‘pine omen or warning’. It goes back via Old French monstre to Latin mōnstrum, a derivative of the verb monēre ‘warn’. From its original sense ‘warning of misfortune, evil omen’, mōnstrum was transferred to the sort of thing that could function as such an omen – a ‘prodigy’, or a ‘misshapen or horrifying creature’ – whence the meaning of English monster.
The word’s connotations of ‘largeness’ seem to be rather more recent, first emerging in English in the 16th century. Other English derivatives of mōnstrum, some of them reflecting a later sense of monēre, ‘show, inform’, rather than the original ‘warn’, include demonstrate [16], monstrance [16], muster [13] (which originally meant ‘display’), and remonstrate [16].
And from monēre itself come admonish, monitor [16], monument [13], premonition [16], and summon [13].
=> admonish, demonstrate, monitor, monument, muster, premonition, remonstrate, summon - monster (n.)
- early 14c., "malformed animal or human, creature afflicted with a birth defect," from Old French monstre, mostre "monster, monstrosity" (12c.), and directly from Latin monstrum "pine omen, portent, sign; abnormal shape; monster, monstrosity," figuratively "repulsive character, object of dread, awful deed, abomination," from root of monere "warn" (see monitor (n.)). Abnormal or prodigious animals were regarded as signs or omens of impending evil. Extended by late 14c. to imaginary animals composed of parts of creatures (centaur, griffin, etc.). Meaning "animal of vast size" is from 1520s; sense of "person of inhuman cruelty or wickedness" is from 1550s. As an adjective, "of extraordinary size," from 1837. In Old English, the monster Grendel was an aglæca, a word related to aglæc "calamity, terror, distress, oppression."
中文词源
monster（怪物）：神灵为了警告人们而降下的怪物
古罗马人相信各种奇异现象都是神灵所发出的信息。如果出现一些怪异、变态的生物，则 是神灵被激怒后发出的警告，预示着将有大灾大难发生。这种神灵的警告在拉丁语中就是monstrum，来自monere（warn，警告）。同源单词有 monitor（监控器、班长）、money（源自罗马女神Juno的称号Moneta——警告者）。
英语单词monster就来自拉丁语monstrum，原本表示神灵为了警告人们而降下的怪物，后来这种宗教意味逐渐被人遗忘，仅仅用来表示“怪物”。
monster：['mɒnstə] n.怪物，怪兽，巨人，巨兽，残忍的人adj.巨大的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：monster 词源，monster 含义。
来自拉丁语monere,警告，词源同admonish,monitor.-ster,贬义后缀。用于指怪物，恶魔，在古代出现反常的现象或怪物通常意味着上帝对人的警告。
来源于拉丁语动词moneo, monere, monui, monitus(劝勉,提醒)。古罗马妇女吓唬小孩,“不听话妖怪来了”!
词根词缀： -mon-提醒,警告 + -ster名词词尾,人
