mercury的词源

英文词源

mercury: mercury: [14] The Roman god Mercury got his name from his original role as patron of trade and tradesmen: Latin Mercurius was a derivative of merx ‘goods for sale’ (source of English commerce and merchant). The inspiration for the medieval application of the term to the fluid metal was its use as a planet-name, which dates from the classical Latin period.
=> commerce, merchant
Mercury: "the Roman god Mercury," mid-12c., from Latin Mercurius "Mercury," originally a god of tradesmen and thieves, from merx "merchandise" (see market (n.)); or perhaps [Klein, Tucker] from Etruscan and influenced by merx. Later he was associated with Greek Hermes. The planet closest to the sun so called in classical Latin (late 14c. in English). A hypothetical inhabitant of the planet was a Mercurean (1855) or a Mercurian (1868). For the metallic element, see mercury.
mercury (n.): silver-white fluid metallic element, late 14c., from Medieval Latin mercurius, from Latin Mercurius (see Mercury). Prepared from cinnabar, it was one of the seven metals (bodies terrestrial) known to the ancients, which were coupled in astrology and alchemy with the seven known heavenly bodies. This one probably so associated for its mobility. The others were Sun/gold, Moon/silver, Mars/iron, Saturn/lead, Jupiter/tin, Venus/copper. The Greek name for it was hydrargyros "liquid silver," which gives the element its symbol, Hg. Compare quicksilver.

墨丘利（Mercury）是罗马神话中为众神传递信息的使者，相对应于希腊神话的赫耳墨斯。他是主神宙斯的儿子，是商业、交通旅游和体育运动的神，还是小偷们所崇拜的保护神。他的形象一般是头戴一顶插有双翅的帽子，脚穿飞行鞋，手握魔杖，行走如飞。

由于墨丘利行动敏捷，水银和水星都用他的英文名字命名。由他的名字产生了词根merc，表示“商业，商品”。

词根merc：商业，商品

Mercury： ['mɜːkjərɪ] 水星，水银，墨丘利

mercurial：[mɜː'kjʊərɪəl]adj.水银的，水星宫的，活泼善变的，雄辩机智的。

merchant：['mɜːtʃ(ə)nt]n.商人，adj.商人的

merchandise：['mɜːtʃ(ə)ndaɪs; -z]n.商品、货物

commerce：['kɒmɜːs]n.贸易、商业

commercial：[kə'mɜːʃ(ə)l] adj.商贸的

market：['mɑːkɪt] n.市场，mark是merc的变形

mercenary：['mɜːsɪn(ə)rɪ]n.雇佣兵，唯利是图者。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：Mercury 词源，Mercury 含义。

来自拉丁语Mercurius,古罗马神话商业保护神Mercury.来自拉丁语merx,商人，词源同market,merchant.用于指行星水星。同时，也用于指液态金属水银，把流动多变的水银比作成瞬息万变的商品市场。

词根词缀： -merc-商 + ur + -y名词词尾 → 掌管商业的神