focus的词源
英文词源
- focus
- focus: [17] Latin focus meant ‘fireplace’, and in post-classical times it came to be used for ‘fire’ itself – hence French feu, Italian fuoco, Spanish fuego, all meaning ‘fire’, and hence too the English derivatives fuel and fusillade. The first writer known to have used it in its modern sense ‘point of convergence’ was the German astronomer Johannes Kepler, in 1604, but the reason for his choice of word is not clear.
It may have been some metaphorical notion of the ‘hearth’ symbolizing the ‘centre of the home’, but it has also been suggested that it may have been preceded and inspired by the use of focus for the ‘burning point’ of a mirror (not actually recorded until somewhat later). The philosopher Thomas Hobbes appears to have introduced the term into English, in 1656. A medieval Latin derivative of focus was focārius, from which French got foyer ‘hearth, home’, borrowed by English in the 19th century for a public entrance hall or lobby.
=> foyer, fuel, fusillade - focus (n.)
- 1640s, "point of convergence," from Latin focus "hearth, fireplace" (also, figuratively, "home, family"), which is of unknown origin. Used in post-classical times for "fire" itself; taken by Kepler (1604) in a mathematical sense for "point of convergence," perhaps on analogy of the burning point of a lens (the purely optical sense of the word may have existed before Kepler, but it is not recorded). Introduced into English 1650s by Hobbes. Sense transfer to "center of activity or energy" is first recorded 1796.
- focus (v.)
- 1775 in optics, "bring into focus" (transitive); 1807 in the figurative sense, from focus (n.). Intransitive use by 1864, originally in photography. Related: Focused; focusing; less commonly focussed; focussing.
中文词源
来自拉丁语focus, 火炉，引申词义家，集中点。在1604年德国数学家Johannes Kepler用该词来指数学意义上的聚焦。进一步可能来自PIE*bhe, 照明，发光，词源同beacon.
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：focus 词源，focus 含义。
这个常用词原本是拉丁文，借用时完全保留了原来的拼写形式，在拉丁语中作“壁炉”或“壁炉边”解。古罗马耐代壁炉边即focus被认为是家庭生活的中心。拉丁语族一些语言中表示“火”的词，如法语feu，西班牙语fuego+意大利语fuoco等，均源自focus 一词。focus的现代词义是德国天文学家开普勒(Johannes Kepler，1571 - 1630)在1604年首先使用的。他用它表示。焦点”。以后该词在英语里还被用来表示“焦距”，也喻指“（注意、活动、兴趣等的）中心”，除了用作名词，也可用作动词，表示“聚焦”、“集中”等义。
focus：(使)聚焦，集中，关注
拉丁语中focus指“壁炉”、“火”，因而派生了英语fuel和fusillade；其现代意义也许来自于“壁炉的炉膛是家的中心”或“镜子的燃烧点”；拉丁语focus进入法语为foyer(炉膛、家庭)，被英语借用后，意义变为“走廊,大厅,休息室”。
同源词：fuel, fusillade, foyer 搭配：focus (…) on/upon (使…)集中于…
