fence的词源
英文词源
- fence
- fence: [14] Fence is short for defence, and indeed until the 16th century meant ‘defence’ (‘Yet, for [that is, despite] the fence that he could make, she struck it from his hand’, Felon Sowe Rokeby 1500). Of its present-day meanings, ‘enclosing structure’ (originally a ‘defence’ against intruders) and ‘sword-fighting’ (originally the use of a sword for ‘self-defence’, now used only as a verb) developed in the 16th century.
The sense ‘dealer in stolen property’ came along in the 17th century; it arose from the notion that such transactions are carried out under the cover, or ‘defence’, of secrecy. Similarly, fend [13] and fender [15] came by loss of the initial syllable from defend.
=> defence, fend, fender - fence (n.)
- early 14c., "action of defending, resistance; means of protection, fortification," shortening of defens (see defense). The same pattern also yielded fend, fender; and obsolete fensive "defensive" (late 16c.). Spelling alternated between -c- and -s- in Middle English. Sense of "enclosure" is first recorded mid-15c. on notion of "that which serves as a defense." Sense of "dealer in stolen goods" is thieves' slang, first attested c. 1700, from notion of such transactions taking place under defense of secrecy.
To be figuratively on the fence "uncommitted" is from 1828, perhaps from the notion of spectators at a fight, or a simple literal image: "A man sitting on the top of a fence, can jump down on either side with equal facility." [Bartlett, "Dictionary of Americanisms," 1848]. - fence (v.)
- early 15c., "defend" (oneself); mid-15c. as "protect with a hedge or fence;" from fence (n.). From 1590s as "fight with swords," from the noun in this sense (1530s); see fencing. From 1610s as "knowingly buy or sell stolen goods." Related: Fenced.
中文词源
缩写自defence或defense, 挡开。引申义击剑，篱笆等。
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：fence 词源，fence 含义。
该词原为defence之异体，更确切地说，系由defence缩略而来，而defence的终极词源则为拉丁语defendere（避开，挡住）。早在14世纪时，fence与defence同义，也指“防御”或“保卫”，16世纪以后引申出“击剑术”、“栅栏”或“篱笆”等义，原义就逐渐被废弃了。在英国清教徒移居美洲的时代，移居者筑起栅栏用以抵挡印第安人的袭击，fence就已被赋予了“栅栏”一义。
来源于defence的缩写。
de-离开,分离 + -fenc-打击 → defence → fence
