dinosaur的词源
英文词源
- dinosaur
- dinosaur: [19] Dinosaur means literally ‘terrible lizard’ (something of a misnomer, since dinosaurs are not particularly closely related to modern lizards). The word was coined around 1840 from Greek deinós ‘terrible’ (which goes back to the same Indo-European base, *dwei-, as produced English dire [16]) and sauros ‘lizard’ (which occurs in its Latin form saurus in the names of specific dinosaurs, such as brontosaurus and tyrannosaurus).
=> dire - dinosaur (n.)
- 1841, coined in Modern Latin by Sir Richard Owen, from comb. form of Greek deinos "terrible" (see dire) + sauros "lizard" (see -saurus). Figurative sense of "person or institution not adapting to change" is from 1952.
中文词源
dino-, 恐怖的,词源同dire. -saur,蜥蜴,用于指恐龙。
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:dinosaur 词源,dinosaur 含义。
恐龙的英文名称dinosaur是英国古生物学家欧文(Sir Richard Owen,1804 - 1892)于1841年取的。在他看来这是一类极为恐怖的类蜥蜴爬行动物,所以根据希腊语里意为“恐怖的”的deinos和意指“蜥蜴”的sauros组合成dinosaur一词。从现代英语的构词法来看,dinosaur系由两个组合语素dino-(恐怖的)与-saur(蜥蜴)构成,含有“恐怖的蜥蜴”之义。其实欧文取的名字并不很恰当,因为恐龙和今天的蜥蜴之间没有特别密切的联系。
dino-来自希腊语deinos(可怕的),来自印欧词根*dwei-,和单词dire(可怕的)同源;-saur来自希腊语sauros(蜥蜴),如saurian(蜥蜴类;蜥蜴类的),也作为各种恐龙名字的后缀出现,如Tyrannosaurus(霸王龙);所以“恐龙”本义“可怕的蜥蜴”。