date的词源
英文词源
- date
- date: Date ‘time of an event’ and date ‘fruit’ are distinct words in English, and perhaps unexpectedly the latter [13] entered the language a century before the former. It came via Old French date and Latin dactylus from Greek dáktulos, which originally meant literally ‘finger’ or ‘toe’. The term was originally applied from the supposed resemblance of a date to a little brown finger or toe. Date ‘time’ [14] was acquired from Old French date, a descendant of medieval Latin data, which represented a nominal use of the feminine form of Latin datus, the past participle of the verb dare ‘give’.
It originated in such phrases as data Romae ‘given at Rome’, the ancient Roman way of dating letters. (Data ‘information’ [17], on the other hand, is the plural of the neuter form of the past participle, datum.) Among the wide range of other English words descended from Latin dare (which can be traced back ultimately to an Indo- European base *dō-) are antidote [15] (etymologically ‘what is given against something’), condone [19], dado [17] (a borrowing from Italian, ‘cube’), dative [15], donation [15], dice, dowry and endow (both ultimately from Latin dōs ‘dowry’, a relative of dare), edit, and pardon [13].
=> pterodactyl; antidote, condone, data, dative, dice, donation, edit, endow, pardon - date (n.1)
- "time," early 14c., from Old French date (13c.) "date, day; time," from Medieval Latin data, noun use of fem. singular of Latin datus "given," past participle of dare "to give, grant, offer," from PIE root *do- "to give" (cognates: Sanskrit dadati "gives," danam "offering, present;" Old Persian dadatuv "let him give," Old Church Slavonic dati "give," dani "tribute;" Latin donum "gift;" Greek didomi, didonai, "to give, offer," doron "gift;" Lithuanian duonis "gift," Old Irish dan "gift, endowment, talent," Welsh dawn "gift").
The Roman convention of closing every article of correspondence by writing "given" and the day and month -- meaning perhaps "given to messenger" -- led to data becoming a term for "the time (and place) stated." (a Roman letter would include something along the lines of datum Romae pridie Kalendas Maias -- "given at Rome on the last day of April." - date (n.3)
- "liaison," 1885, gradually evolving from date (n.1) in its general sense of "appointment;" romantic sense by 1890s. Meaning "person one has a date with" is from 1925.
- date (n.2)
- the fruit, late 13c., from Old French date, from Old Provençal datil, from Latin dactylus, from Greek daktylos "date," originally "finger, toe;" so called because of fancied resemblance between oblong fruit of the date palm and human digits. Possibly from a Semitic source (compare Hebrew deqel, Aramaic diqla, Arabic daqal "date palm") and assimilated to the Greek word for "finger."
- date (v.2)
- "have a romantic liaison;" 1902, from date (n.3). Related: Dated; dating.
- date (v.1)
- "to mark (a document) with the date," late 14c., from date (n.1). Meaning "to assign to or indicate a date" (of an event) is from c. 1400. Meaning "to mark as old-fashioned" is from 1895. Related: Dated; dating.
中文词源
date：日期，约会，海枣
1.日期，来自拉丁语datum, 给予，来自PIE*do, 给予，词源同donate, dowry. 来自古罗马时期的书信习惯，在结果处写上datum, 附上年月日，因此引申该词义。
2.海枣，来自希腊语dactylos, 手指，词源同date, pterodactyl. 因形似手指而得名。
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：date 词源，date 含义。
dates是枣椰树的果实。读过《圣经》的人都知道，很久以前，枣椰树是地中海地区很普遍的一种植物。
Date一词来源于拉丁词daetylus，意思是“手指”，据说是因为枣椰树的果实形状有些象人的手指。
18世纪时，西班牙传教士将枣椰树的种子带到墨西哥及其它地方，它就在美洲扎下了根。
来源于拉丁语动词do, dare, dedi, datus(给)，其过去分词的阳性、阴性和中性形式分别是datus, data和datum；英语date(日期)和data(资料)来源于此拉丁语的data；其它直接或间接来源于此拉丁语动词的英语词汇还有antidote(解毒药，anti- + dote，anti-意思是against，此处是针对什么什么，dote是拉丁语动词dare的变体), condone(宽容，con- + done，con-共同，done给), dado(台座，是“给”的起点), dative(与格，语法术语), donate(捐赠), dice(骰子), die(骰子), dowry(嫁妆), endow(捐赠，en-向内 + dow给), edit(编辑，e- + dit, e-是ex-的变体,出，dit给), pardon(宽恕, par- + don，par-是per-完全，don给)。
同源词：data, antidote, condone, dado, dative, donate, dice, die, dowry, endow, edit, pardon词组/短语：to date (adv.) 到目前为止out of date (adj.) 过时的up to date (adj.) 时新的
date（日期）：写信时的落款
英语单词date和day的拼写和含义都很接近，但实际上它们的词源大不相同。date来自中古拉丁语单词data（给予），是单词dare（给予）的过去分词datus的名词形式，源自原始印欧语词根do-（给予）。它是怎么产生“日期”的含义的呢？其实这是由于古罗马人的写信习惯造成的。古罗马人在落款时，按照惯例会写上data一词，然后写上月份和日期，意思是这封信“交给”信使的日期。久而久之，后人忘记了这一单词的原意，将其看做是“日期”的意思，所以data的词义就逐渐变成了“日期”，源自它的英语单词date自然也就表示“日期”了。
date：[deɪt] n.日期，约会v.注明日期，确定日期，和……约会
