curtail的词源

英文词源

curtail: curtail: [16] The now defunct English noun curtal meant ‘horse with a docked tail’. It was borrowed in the 16th century from French courtault, a derivative of the adjective court ‘short’. Like English curt [17] this came from Latin curtus ‘cut off, shortened’, which in common with English short and shear, can be traced back to an Indo-European base *ker- or *sker- ‘cut’. In the late 16th century the noun was converted into a verb, originally meaning literally ‘dock a horse’, and the close semantic link with ‘tails’ led to its alteration to curtail.
=> cuirass, curt, shear, shirt, short, skirt
curtail (v.): late 15c., from Middle French courtault "made short," from court "short" (Old French cort, from Latin curtus; see curt) + -ault pejorative suffix of Germanic origin. Originally curtal; used of horses with docked tails, which probably influenced the spelling in general use; curtal is retained in poetics to describe a "shortened" stanza or poem. Related: Curtailed; curtailing.

来自PIE*sker, 剪，切，词源同shear, short. -ault, 贬义后缀，词源同valiant, 勇敢的，顽固的。比较-ard, 贬义后缀，来自hard, 见bastard. 原指剪短尾巴的马，拼写受tail影响俗化。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：curtail 词源，curtail 含义。