cravat的词源
英文词源
- cravat
- cravat: [17] The fashion for wearing scarves round the neck started in France in the 1650s. It was inspired by Croatian mercenaries employed there at that time, who regularly sported linen neckbands of that type. The Croats were called in French Cravates (the name comes via German Krabate from the original Serbo-Croat term Hrvat), and so their neckerchiefs came to be known as cravates too. English was quick to adopt the term.
- cravat (n.)
- 1650s, from French cravate (17c.), from Cravate "Croatian," from German Krabate, from Serbo-Croatian Hrvat "a Croat" (see Croat). Cravats came into fashion 1650s in imitation of linen scarves worn by Croatian mercenaries in the French army in the Thirty Years War.
中文词源
cravat(领巾):喜欢系领巾的克罗地亚士兵
在领带问世前的中世纪欧洲,贵族们用来装饰颈部的是蕾丝领圈。制造这种华丽的配件需要消耗大量布料,每制造一个这样的领圈需要用掉长达十五米的蕾丝饰带。在欧洲“三十年战争”期间,参战各国都在拼命缩减开支,昂贵的蕾丝领圈自然成为不合时宜的物件。有的国家甚至颁布法令,规定只有在出席葬礼这样的隆重场合,男士才允许佩戴蕾丝领圈。
然而,爱美的男士依然有办法来装饰自己的颈部。不久,克罗地亚士兵们所佩戴的领巾引起了欧洲时尚界的关注。他们在颈部装饰有打结的细领巾。这种风俗从中世纪开始流传,也是他们在战场上辨认同伴的方法之一。这种服饰很快就在欧洲流传开来,不仅在士兵群体中广泛流传,而且还赢得了王室的瞩目。当时的法王路易十四就是一名有名的领巾爱好者。他拥有大量制作精美的领巾,甚至还设置了“领巾侍者”一职,每天的工作就是为路易十四奉上几款华丽的领巾,方便国王挑选。因为国王的狂热爱好,领巾不再是简单的装饰或者蕾丝领圈的代用品,开始慢慢成为贵族阶层必需的服装配件。
法语中,这种源自克罗地亚的服饰就被称为cravate,本意就是“克罗地亚人”。进入英语后拼写变为cravat。这就是英语单词cravat(领巾)的由来。cravat已经有了和今天的领带(tie)类似的形状与系法,被认为是现代领带的前身。
cravat: [krə'væt] n.领巾,领带,领结
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:cravat 词源,cravat 含义。
来自地名Croatian,欧洲东南部国家。原为17世纪初欧洲三十年战争期间在法国军队的克罗地亚雇佣军穿戴的围巾,后传入西欧国家并成为时尚,再后改良成现在的阔领带。