coffee的词源
英文词源
- coffee
- coffee: [16] The word coffee first reached us in a form which we would now recognize in the 17th century, probably via Italian caffè. It is ultimately, however, of Middle Eastern origin, and the earliest spellings recorded in English reflect this: chaoua, cauwa, kahue, cahve, etc are modelled closely on Turkish kahveh and its source, Arabic qahwah.
Where the Arabic word came from is not known for certain: probably it is based in some way on Kaffa, the name of an area in the south Abyssinian highlands from which the coffee tree is said to originate, but it has also been claimed to have signified originally some sort of wine. Café [19] comes of course from French café, whose source was Italian caffè. From the French word was derived caféine, from which English gets caffeine [19], while Spanish café produced cafetero ‘coffeeseller’, source of English cafeteria [20].
=> café, caffeine, cafeteria - coffee (n.)
- c. 1600, from Italian caffe, from Turkish kahveh, from Arabic qahwah "coffee," said originally to have meant "wine," but perhaps rather from Kaffa region of Ethiopia, a home of the plant (coffee in Kaffa is called buno, which was borrowed into Arabic as bunn "raw coffee"). Much initial persity of spelling, including chaoua.
Yemen was the first great coffee exporter and to protect its trade decreed that no living plant could leave the country. In 16c., a Muslim pilgrim brought some coffee beans from Yemen and raised them in India. Appeared in Europe (from Arabia) c. 1515-1519. Introduced to England by 1650, and by 1675 the country had more than 3,000 coffee houses. Coffee plantations established in Brazil 1727. Meaning "a light meal at which coffee is served" is from 1774. Coffee break attested from 1952, at first often in glossy magazine advertisements by the Pan-American Coffee Bureau. Coffee pot from 1705.
Did you drink a cup of coffee on company time this morning? Chances are that you did--for the midmorning coffee break is rapidly becoming a standard fixture in American offices and factories. ["The Kiplinger Magazine," March 1952]
中文词源
词源有争议。一种说法是因产自埃塞俄比亚Kaffa而得名。
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：coffee 词源，coffee 含义。
相传，在公元850年前后，有位阿拉伯牧羊人卡尔地（Kaldi）在牧羊时发现羊群行为异常，很感困惑。以后他注意到羊吃了一种干果仁之后就会变得特别兴奋，于是决定亲自尝一尝。他吃了之后，果然产生一种莫名的亢奋感和心旷神怡之感。此事很快便传开了。不久阿拉伯人学会了把这种干果仁弄干再加以煎煮的方法。他们把调制成的饮料叫做qahwah（含“酒”之意）。后来土耳其人接受了该饮料，并称之为“kahve”以后传入法国，作cafe，英语coffee可能是从意大利语演化过来的，汉语译为“咖啡”。
另有一说认为coffee源自埃塞俄比亚南部一个地名Kaffa，那里曾被誉为“咖啡的故乡”。英语中意为“咖啡馆”或“小餐厅”的cafe和coffee同出一源。另有一个词cafeteria（自助餐厅）和coffee也有亲缘关系。它源自西班牙语cafetero（咖啡店），但终极词源仍是阿拉伯语qahwah。
