cock的词源
英文词源
- cock
- cock: [OE] The word cock is probably ultimately of onomatopoeic origin, imitative of the male fowl’s call (like the lengthier English cock-adoodle- doo [16], French coquerico, and German kikeriki). Beyond that it is difficult to go with any certainty; it reflects similar words in other languages, such as medieval Latin coccus and Old Norse kokkr, but which if any the English word was borrowed from is not clear.
It has been suggested that it goes back to a Germanic base *kuk-, of which a variant was the source of chicken, but typical Old English spellings, such as kok and kokke, suggest that it may have been a foreign borrowing rather than a native Germanic word – perhaps pointing to Germanic coccus. The origin of the interconnected set of senses ‘spout, tap’, ‘hammer of a firearm’, and ‘penis’ is not known; it is possible that it represents an entirely different word, but the fact that German hahn ‘hen’ has the same meanings suggests otherwise.
Of derived words, cocker [19], as in ‘cocker spaniel’, comes from cocking, the sport of shooting woodcock, and cocky [18] is probably based on the notion of the cock as a spirited or swaggering bird, lording it over his hens (there may well be some connection with cock ‘penis’, too, for there is an isolated record of cocky meaning ‘lecherous’ in the 16th century). Cockerel [15] was originally a diminutive form.
=> chicken, cocky - cock (n.1)
- "male chicken," Old English cocc "male bird," Old French coc (12c., Modern French coq), Old Norse kokkr, all of echoic origin. Old English cocc was a nickname for "one who strutted like a cock," thus a common term in the Middle Ages for a pert boy, used of scullions, apprentices, servants, etc.
A common personal name till c. 1500, it was affixed to Christian names as a pet diminutive, as in Wilcox, Hitchcock, etc. Slang sense of "penis" is attested since 1610s (but compare pillicock "penis," from c. 1300); cock-teaser is from 1891. A cocker spaniel (1823) was trained to start woodcocks. Cock-and-bull is first recorded 1620s, perhaps an allusion to Aesop's fables, with their incredible talking animals, or to a particular story, now forgotten. French has parallel expression coq-à-l'âne. - cock (n.2)
- in various mechanical senses, such as cock of a faucet (early 15c.) is of uncertain connection with cock (n.1), but German has hahn "cock" in many of the same senses. The cock of an old matchlock firearm is 1560s, hence half-cocked (for which see half).
- cock (v.)
- mid-12c., cocken, "to fight;" 1570s, "to swagger;" seeming contradictory modern senses of "to stand up" (as in cock one's ear), c. 1600, and "to bend" (1898) are from the two cock nouns. The first is probably in reference to the posture of the bird's head or tail, the second to the firearm position. To cock ones hat carries the notion of "defiant boastfulness."
中文词源
来自PIE*keuk, 鸡叫声，词源同chicken.
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：cock 词源，cock 含义。
cock乃古英语里就已存在的一个词，古英语作cocc，是通过模拟声音构成的。在英国英语cock指“公鸡”，但美国英语却代之以rooster．因在美国俚语cock乃禁忌词，指“阴茎”。由于同一原因，用于“龙头”、“旋塞”等义的cock被faucet所取代，haycock（圆锥形干草堆）被haystack所取代，还有cockroach（蜂螂）一词的前半部也被省略，仅以roach的形式出现。但另一方面舍cock的一类咒骂语，如cock-teaser，cock-sucker等，在美国英语中却相当流行。
cock：公鸡，雄禽；水龙头，开关；(粗俚)鸡巴
cock释义为"公鸡"时,为拟声词,来源于模拟雄禽的叫声;作"水龙头,(粗俚)鸡巴"释义时,来源于公鸡精力充沛,趾高气扬和在母鸡面前淫荡,作威作福的形象。
