champion的词源
英文词源
- champion
- champion: [13] Etymologically, a champion is someone who fought in the campus or arena. Latin campus (source of English camp) meant, among other things, ‘field of battle’ – both a fullscale military battlefield and an area for staged battles between gladiators. Those who fought in such battles – the gladiators – were called in medieval Latin campiones.
The word passed into English via Old French champion. The word’s original meaning survives historically in such phrases as ‘king’s champion’, someone who will fight on behalf of the king, and by extension in ‘supporter’, as in ‘a champion of prisoners’ rights’. The modern sense ‘winner’ did not develop until the early 19th century. The abbreviated form champ is 19th-century American.
An alternative and now obsolete form of the word is campion, from Old Northern French, and it has been speculated that this is the origin of the plant-name campion [16], on the basis that it was used to make garlands for fighters.
=> camp, campion, champagne, champion - champion (n.)
- early 13c., "doughty fighting man, valorous combatant," also (c. 1300) "one who fights on behalf of another or others," from Old French champion "combatant, champion in single combat" (12c.), from Late Latin campionem (nominative campio) "gladiator, fighter, combatant in the field," from Latin campus "field (of combat);" see campus. Had been borrowed earlier by Old English as cempa. Sports sense in reference to "first-place performer in some field" is recorded from 1730.
- champion (v.)
- "to fight for, defend, protect," 1820 (Scott) in a literal sense, from champion (n.). Figurative use by 1830. Earlier it meant "to challenge" (c. 1600). Related: Championed; championing.
中文词源
champion（冠军）：代表军队进行决斗的最佳战士
在古代战争中，经常有通过决斗来决定胜负的例子。双方均派出自己军队中最杰出的战士，在两军阵前进行一对一的生死决斗。在决斗中被击败的一方向获胜一方认输或投降。这种方式可以避免双方将士的伤亡，但对参加决定的人来说意味着巨大的牺牲。在西方的古代历史和文艺作品中，我们常常能够见到这种决斗，如圣经中提到的大卫和歌利亚的决斗、荷马史诗中提到特洛伊战争中帕里斯王子与海伦的老公墨涅拉奥斯的决斗，以及最扣人心弦的赫克托耳与阿基琉斯之间的决斗。
英语单词champion的原意指的就是这种代表整支军队参加一对一决斗的战士。它来自拉丁语campionem，由campus（平地，在此指平坦的战场）衍生而成，指在战场上决斗的战士。因此，英语单词champion有两个含义，既表示“冠军”、“最好的”，还表示代表军队参加决斗，引申为“支持”、“拥护”、“为某群体或某事业而奋斗（的人）”。
champion： ['tʃæmpɪən] n.冠军，优胜者；战士；拥护者adj.优胜的vt.支持，拥护
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：champion 词源，champion 含义。
发音释义：['tʃæmpɪən] n.冠军，优胜者，战士，拥护者adj.优胜的，第一流的vt.拥护，支持
结构分析：champion = champ（战场）+ion（人）→战士→冠军
词源解释：champ←拉丁语campus（平地）
相关词根：camp（平地）
在古代战争中，经常有通过决斗来决定胜负的例子。双方均派出自己军队中最杰出的战士，在两军阵前进行一对一的生死决斗。在决斗中被击败的一方向获胜一方认输或投降。这种方式可以避免双方将士的伤亡，但对参加决定的人来说意味着巨大的牺牲。英语单词champion的原意指的就是这种代表整支军队参加一对一决斗的战士。因此它有两个含义，既表示“冠军”、“最好的”，还表示代表军队参加决斗，引申为“支持”、“拥护”、“为某群体或某事业而奋斗（的人）”。
衍生词：championship（冠军地位，锦标赛）
来自camp, 平原，平地，战场。原指战场上的胜利者。
来源于法语champion(战场上的战斗者),而法语中的champion来源于拉丁语campus,campi, m(战场,原野)。
词根词缀：champ(-camp-)田野,场所 + -ion名词词尾
