caterpillar的词源
英文词源
- caterpillar
- caterpillar: [15] Etymologically, a caterpillar is a ‘hairy cat’. The word comes ultimately from late Latin *catta pilōsa: catta is the source of English cat, while pilōsus ‘hairy’ is a derivative of Latin pilus ‘hair’, from which English gets pile of a carpet. In Old French *catta pilōsa became chatepelose, which passed into English as catyrpel.
The present-day form arose in the 16th century, probably from association with the now obsolete piller ‘plunderer’ (related to English pillage) – caterpillars being regarded, of course, as plunderers of leaves. The notion that caterpillars resemble small furry mammals is also reflected in such names as pussmoth and woolly bear.
=> cat, pile - caterpillar (n.)
- mid-15c., catyrpel, probably altered (by association with Middle English piller "plunderer;" see pillage) from Old North French caterpilose "caterpillar" (Old French chatepelose), literally "shaggy cat" (probably in reference to the "wooly-bear" variety), from Late Latin catta pilosa, from catta "cat" (see cat (n.)) + pilosus "hairy, shaggy, covered with hair," from pilus "hair" (see pile (n.3)). Compare also French chenille "caterpillar," literally "little dog." A Swiss German name for it is teufelskatz "devil's cat." "The caterpillar has in many idioms received the name of other animals" [Kitchin, who cites also Milanese cagnon "little dog," Italian dialectal gattola "little cat," Kentish hop-dog, hop-cat, Portuguese lagarta "lizard." Compare also American English wooly-bear for the hairy variety. An Old English name for it was cawelworm "cole-worm." Caterpillar tractor is from 1908.
中文词源
英语单词caterpillar来自拉丁语catta pilosa，由catta（cat，猫）和pilosus（毛发粗浓杂乱的）组成，字面意思就是“毛发粗浓杂乱的猫”，中文被翻译为“毛毛虫”。它的后半截拼写受到中古英语单词piller（掠夺者）的影响，因为人们认为毛毛虫会吃掉树皮。除了表示“毛毛虫”外，caterpillar还可以表示履带车，因为它们外观相似。
caterpillar：['kætəpɪlə] n.毛毛虫；履带车adj.有履带的
pillage：['pɪlɪdʒ] n.掠夺，掠夺物v.掠夺，抢劫
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：caterpillar 词源，caterpillar 含义。
发音释义：['kætəpɪlə] n.毛毛虫；履带车adj.有履带的
结构分析：caterpillar = cater（猫）+pillar（长毛的）→长毛的猫→毛毛虫
词源解释：cater←拉丁语catta（猫）；pillar←拉丁语pilosus（长毛的、多毛的）
caterpillar的原意是“长毛的猫”，因为中文被翻译为“毛毛虫”。它的后半截拼写受到中古英语piller（掠夺者）的影响，因为人们认为毛毛虫会吃掉树皮。除了表示“毛毛虫”外，caterpillar还可以表示履带车，因为它们外观相似。
助记窍门：caterpillar =cater（提供食物）+pillar（柱子）→柱子为毛毛虫提供食物→毛毛虫
cat, 猫。-pil, 毛，词源同peel, depilatory(脱毛)。因其毛如猫毛而得名。
