carpet的词源
英文词源
- carpet
- carpet: [14] Originally, carpet was simply a sort of rough cloth, and medieval Latin carpīta, for example, was sometimes used for a garment made from it. In earliest English use it was a ‘table-cloth’ or ‘bed-spread’, and it was not until the 15th century that the specialized ‘floorcovering’ began to establish itself. The word itself entered English via either Old French carpite or medieval Latin carpīta, which was derived from carpīre, an alteration of Latin carpere ‘pluck’ (related to English harvest).
The underlying notion seems to be that such cloth was originally made from ‘plucked’ fabric, that is, fabric which had been unravelled or shredded.
- carpet (n.)
- late 13c., "coarse cloth;" mid-14c., "tablecloth, bedspread;" from Old French carpite "heavy decorated cloth, carpet," from Medieval Latin or Old Italian carpita "thick woolen cloth," probably from Latin carpere "to card, pluck," probably so called because it was made from unraveled, shreded, "plucked" fabric; from PIE *kerp- "to gather, pluck, harvest" (see harvest (n.)). Meaning shifted 15c. to floor coverings.
From 16c.-19c. as an adjective often with a tinge of contempt, when used of men (as in carpet-knight, 1570s) by association with luxury, ladies' boudoirs, and drawing rooms. On the carpet "summoned for reprimand" is 1900, U.S. colloquial (but compare carpet (v.) "call (someone) to be reprimanded," 1823, British servants' slang). To sweep or push something under the carpet in the figurative sense is first recorded 1953. - carpet (v.)
- "to cover with a carpet," 1620s, from carpet (n.). Meaning "call to reprimand" is from 1840. Related: Carpeted; carpeting.
中文词源
carpet（地毯）：用拆散的碎布料制成的粗布
英语单词carpet来源于意大利语carpita，与拉丁语carpere（撕扯）有关，本意是“用拆散、撕开的碎布料制成的粗布”，原本用作桌布或床罩。15世纪时，有位贵妇人发现，把这种粗布铺在冰冷的地板上有御寒效果，并且既可以坐也可以跪。从此以后，将carpet铺在地板上成为了一种时尚潮流。carpet因而就产生了“地毯”的含义
carpet： ['kɑːpɪt] n.地毯，地毯状覆盖物vt.在……上铺地毯
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：carpet 词源，carpet 含义。
来自PIE *sker, *kerp, 砍，切，收割，词源同harvest, shear. 即用粗糙羊毛制作的毯子。
看一看carpet（地毯）、scarce（稀少）和excerpt（节选）这三个词，你也许想象不到它们竟同出一源，都是从拉丁动词carpo（摘、拔）派生来的。这三个看起来风马牛不相及的词却由“摘”、“拔”，即carpo，这条线给穿了起来。
据说最早的地毯是用拆散的毛线制成的毛布，carpo在这里就是“摘毛线头儿”或“梳理毛线”，carpet就是由此而来的。
scarce来自法语词escars（稀少的），来源于拉丁词excarpsus：ex即“out”；carpo即“pluck”；合起来的意思是“拔掉”。比如，当人们从兔子的身上把毛拔下时，兔子身上的毛就变得稀少了。
excerpt来源于拉丁词excerptus：ex即“out”；cerptus即“pluck”；合起来即“从文中摘出”。
