carp的词源

英文词源

carp

carp: [14] and carp ‘criticize’ [13] are distinct words in English. The former comes from medieval Latin carpa, probably via Old French carpe, but the word is probably ultimately of Germanic origin. The verb, which originally simply meant ‘talk’, was a borrowing from Old Norse karpa. The present-day sense ‘criticize’ did not develop until the 16th century, probably under the influence of Latin carpere ‘pluck’ (related to English harvest), which had the metaphorical meaning ‘slander’.
=> harvest

carp (n.)

type of freshwater fish, late 14c., from Old French carpe "carp" (13c.) and directly from Vulgar Latin carpa (source also of Italian carpa, Spanish carpa), from a Germanic source (compare Middle Dutch carpe, Dutch karper, Old High German karpfo, German Karpfen "carp"); possibly the immediate source is Gothic *karpa. A Danube fish (hence the proposed East Germanic origin of its name), introduced in English ponds 14c. Lithuanian karpis, Russian karp are Germanic loan words.

carp (v.)

"complain," early 13c., originally "to talk," from Old Norse karpa "to brag," which is of unknown origin; meaning turned toward "find fault with" (late 14c.), probably by influence of Latin carpere "to slander, revile," literally "to pluck" (see harvest (n.)). Related: Carped; carping.

中文词源

carp：鲤鱼、吹毛求疵

发音释义：[kɑːp] n.鲤鱼；鲤科vi.吹毛求疵；找茬

词源解释：carp（名词）←古法语carpe←通俗拉丁语carpa（鲤鱼）；carp（动词）←古挪威语karpa（吹嘘）

英语单词carp往往被翻译为“鲤鱼”，实际上指的是整个鲤科。如Asian carps是美国人对青鱼、草鱼、鳙鱼、鲤鱼、鲢鱼等8种鱼的统称。21世纪70年代，为清理淡水中的有害藻类，美国人从中国进口亚洲鲤鱼。但亚洲鲤鱼生长迅速，在美国几乎没有天敌和竞争对手，很快成为当地一霸，对美国湖区生态平衡构成重大威胁。美国政府曾经呼吁过市民食用亚洲鲤鱼，但美国人不爱吃淡水鱼，且不懂得如何烹调去除亚洲鲤鱼的土腥味，因此美国政府不得不组织专人甚至派遣军队去猎杀亚洲鲤鱼。

词组习语：carp at（对某人吹毛求疵，找…的茬）

助记窍门：carp→谐音“卡捕”→围堵猎捕亚洲鲤鱼→鲤鱼→鲤鱼刺多→所以要“挑刺”→找茬

衍生词：carping（吹毛求疵的）

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：carp 词源，carp 含义。

carp：鲤鱼

来自拉丁词carpa.