calumny的词源

英文词源

calumny

calumny: see challenge

calumny (n.)

"False & malicious misrepresentation of the words or actions of others, calculated to injure their reputation" [Fowler], mid-15c., from Middle French calomnie (15c.), from Latin calumnia "trickery, subterfuge, misrepresentation, malicious charge," from calvi "to trick, deceive," from PIE root *kel- (6) "to deceive, confuse" (cognates: Greek kelein "to bewitch, seduce, beguile," Gothic holon "to deceive," Old Norse hol "praise, flattery," Old English hol "slander," holian "to slander").

中文词源

calumny：诽谤

发音释义：['kæləmnɪ] n.诽谤；中伤；污蔑

词源解释：calumny←拉丁语calumnia（欺骗、歪曲、诽谤）←calvi（欺骗）

助记窍门：calumny→column（柱子）→在柱子上贴大字报→诽谤

衍生词：calumnious（诽谤的）；calumniate（诽谤）；calumniation（诽谤）；calumniator（诽谤者）

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：calumny 词源，calumny 含义。

calumny：诽谤

来自PIE *kel, 欺骗，责备，词源同cavil, challenge。-mn, 抽象名词后缀，见column.

calumny：诽谤，诬陷之词

据有关记载，古罗马人对诬陷者施行一种惩戒性做法，即在他的前额打上K字印记，K表示kalumnia，意思是“诽谤”。以后kalumnia演变为calumnia。英语的calumny源自该拉丁词，所以有“诽谤”“诬陷之词”等义。其派生词calumniator则指“诽谤者”。在中世纪一个人倘若遭到诽谤，很可能会向诽谤者提出挑战，要求决斗。意为“挑战”的challenge 一词，若究其根源，也可一直追溯到这个表示“诽谤”的拉丁词。这两者被联系起来是因为它们之间存在一种因果关系的缘故。