caesarian的词源
英文词源
- caesarian
- caesarian: [17] The application of the adjective caesarian to the delivery of a baby by surgical incision through the abdomen and womb arises from the legend that Julius Caesar (c. 100–44 BC) himself or an earlier ancestor of his was born in this way. The name Caesar comes from the Latin phrase a caeso mātrisūtere, literally ‘from the mother’s cut womb’ (caesus was the past participle of the Latin verb caedere ‘cut’, from which English gets concise, incise, precise, etc). The abbreviation caesar for ‘caesarian section’ is mid 20th-century.
=> concise, incise, precise - caesarian (n.)
- 1923, shortening of Caesarian section (1610s); supposedly from Caius Julius Caesar, who was said to have been delivered surgically, thus legend traces his cognomen to Latin caesus past participle of caedere "to cut" (see -cide).
But if this is the etymology of the name, it was likely an ancestor who was so born (Caesar's mother lived to see his triumphs and such operations would have been fatal to the woman in ancient times). And Pliny derives his cognomen from caesaries "head of hair," because the future dictator was born with a full one. Caesarian section may come directly from caesus.
中文词源
在英语中，“剖腹产”称为“caesarian section”。其中，caesarian与凯撒大帝的名字Caesar很接近。因此，有传说凯撒大帝是剖腹产出生的，所以得名Caesar，源自拉丁语caedere（cut，切割）的过去式caesus。所以在日语中，“剖腹产”直接被翻译成了“帝王切开术”。
不过，历史学家考证说，这种传说很不靠谱，因为在古罗马时期，外科学还很落后，根本不可能在剖腹取婴的同时还能保证母亲的存活，而凯撒大帝的母亲可是活得好好的，目睹了儿子的丰功伟绩，还担任过儿子的顾问一职。那时候虽然也有剖腹产的做法，但都是孕妇死后才切开腹部抢救其中的婴儿，不可能在孕妇还没死时就开刀剖腹。
有专家说，凯撒的名字与caesus（切割）无关，而是源自caesaries（满头的头发），因为凯撒出生时头发浓密。不管怎样，单词caesarian（剖腹产的）的拼写与凯撒大帝的名字Caesar非常接近倒是确凿的事实，将其看成是Caesar的形容词也无可厚非，并且有助于我们记住该单词的拼写。值得注意的是，单词caesarian也可以写作caesarean或cesarean。
caesarian：[si'zεəriən] n.剖腹产的，凯撒的，帝王的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：caesarian 词源，caesarian 含义。
