bruise的词源
英文词源
- bruise
- bruise: [OE] Modern English bruise is a blend of words from two sources. The main contributor is Old English brysan, which as well as ‘bruise’ meant ‘crush to pieces’, and is related to Latin frustum ‘piece broken or cut off’. But then in the early Middle English period we begin to see the influence of the unrelated Old French verb bruisier ‘break’ and its Anglo-Norman form bruser (which in modern French has become briser).
Their main effect has been on the spelling of the word, although the use of bruise for ‘break’ from the 14th to the 17th century seems to have been due to French influence too, rather than a survival of the Old English meaning: ‘Had his foot once slipped … he would have been bruised in pieces’, The most dangerous and memorable adventure of Richard Ferris 1590. Bruiser ‘large rough man’ originated in an 18th-century term for a prizefighter.
=> débris - bruise (v.)
- Old English brysan "to crush, bruise, pound," from Proto-Germanic *brusjan, from PIE root *bhreu- "to smash, cut, break up" (cognates: Old Irish bronnaim "I wrong, I hurt;" Breton brezel "war," Vulgar Latin brisare "to break"). Merged by 17c. with Anglo-French bruiser "to break, smash," from Old French bruisier "to break, shatter," perhaps from Gaulish *brus-, from the same PIE root. Related: Bruised; bruising.
- bruise (n.)
- 1540s, from bruise (v.).
中文词源
发音释义：[bruːz] vt. 擦伤，挫伤；瘀伤，青肿vt. 使受瘀伤；使受挫伤vi. 受到擦伤或瘀伤
词源解释：来自古英语brysan（压碎）
助记窍门：bruise→谐音“不如死”→全身都是青肿瘀伤，还不如死。或bruise→谐音blues→青肿的复数→擦伤、瘀伤
衍生词：bruiser（压碎机、拳击家）
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：bruise 词源，bruise 含义。
词源同break, 击，打，破碎。
