brake的词源

英文词源

brake: brake: There are two distinct words brake in English. By far the older is that meaning ‘overgrown area, thicket’ [OE]. Its source is uncertain, but it has been speculated that it is ultimately related to break, its original meaning perhaps having been something like ‘broken wood’. Brake ‘decelerating mechanism’ [15] meant ‘bridle’ for stopping a horse’s progress, and may have been borrowed from Middle Dutch braeke, a word which was used for a wide variety of crushing implements but also apparently for a ring put through the nose of a draught ox. There may well be some ultimate connection with break here too.
=> break
brake (n.1): mid-15c., "instrument for crushing or pounding," from Middle Dutch braeke "flax brake," from breken "to break" (see break (v.)). The word was applied to many crushing implements and to the ring through the nose of a draught ox. It was influenced in sense by Old French brac, a form of bras "an arm," thus "a lever or handle," which was being used in English from late 14c., and applied to "a bridle or curb" from early 15c. One or the other or both took up the main modern meaning of "stopping device for a wheel," first attested 1772.
brake (n.2): kind of fern, early 14c.; see bracken.
brake (v.): "to apply a brake to a wheel," 1868, from brake (n.1). Earlier, "to beat flax" (late 14c.). Related: Braked; braking.

发音释义：[breɪk] n.刹车；闸vt.刹车

词源解释：brake←中古荷兰语braeke（剥麻机）←breken（折断）。该词最早表示很多种用于粉碎或捣碎的工具以及用来牵牛的鼻环。它的词义受到古法语brac（胳臂）的影响，在14世纪后期衍生出“控制杆、把柄”的含义，在15世纪前期衍生出“缰绳、马勒”的含义，并最终演变为现在的“刹车”之意。

同源词：break（打破、折断）

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：brake 词源，brake 含义。