baron的词源

英文词源

baron

baron: [12] The earliest historical sense of baron, ‘tenant under the feudal system who held his land and title directly from the king’, can be traced back to its probable source, medieval Latin barō, which originally meant simply ‘man’, and hence ‘vassal’ or ‘retainer’. The word was of course brought into English by the Normans, as Anglo-Norman barun, and from earliest times was used as a title for someone belonging to the lowest order of peerage. Some have suggested an ultimate Germanic origin, and compared Old High German baro ‘freeman’.

baron (n.)

c. 1200, from Old French baron (nominative ber) "baron, nobleman, military leader, warrior, virtuous man, lord, husband," probably from or related to Late Latin baro "man," which is of uncertain origin, perhaps from Frankish *baro "freeman, man;" merged in England with cognate Old English beorn "nobleman."

中文词源

baron（男爵）：直接从国王那里获得封地的贵族

男爵是贵族爵位中最低的一级。盎格鲁一撒克逊时代英语中已有男爵（baron）一词，但无男爵爵位，而且词义不够确定。似有“自由者”或“国王的臣仆”之意，并无尊贵之意。当时，所有那些直接从国王那儿得到封地的贵族都可称为男爵，但这并非由国王分封。正因当时男爵在世俗贵族中占了很高比例，以至于“男爵”一词长期作为贵族的集合名词使用。11-14世纪，男爵的封号和封地可通过血缘和婚姻关系传递，但不得随意出售和转让，历代国王也不随意增加或褫夺贵族封号。

1387年，理查二世封约翰·比彻姆为基德敏斯特男爵后，男爵才成为英国贵族的正式爵位，并且始终是人数最多的爵位。

baron：['bær(ə)n] n.男爵

baroness：['bær(ə)nɪs; -nes] n.男爵夫人，女男爵

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：baron 词源，baron 含义。

baron：男爵

词源不确定，可能来自词根bar, 重，指重要的人，有影响力的人。