barbarian的词源

英文词源

barbarian (adj.)

mid-14c., from Medieval Latin barbarinus (source of Old French barbarin "Berber, pagan, Saracen, barbarian"), from Latin barbaria "foreign country," from Greek barbaros "foreign, strange, ignorant," from PIE root *barbar- echoic of unintelligible speech of foreigners (compare Sanskrit barbara- "stammering," also "non-Aryan," Latin balbus "stammering," Czech blblati "to stammer").

Greek barbaroi (n.) meant "all that are not Greek," but especially the Medes and Persians. Originally not entirely pejorative, its sense darkened after the Persian wars. The Romans (technically themselves barbaroi) took up the word and applied it to tribes or nations which had no Greek or Roman accomplishments. The noun is from late 14c., "person speaking a language different from one's own," also (c. 1400) "native of the Barbary coast;" meaning "rude, wild person" is from 1610s.

中文词源

barbarian：野蛮人

barbar, 拟声词，模仿含混不清说话的声音，既指野蛮人，也指外国人。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：barbarian 词源，barbarian 含义。

barbarian：野蛮人（的），未开化的（人）

古希腊人对希腊语以外的语言是很瞧不起的，他们嘲笑说，那些难懂的外国语听起来像barbar，因此就用barbaros一词来形容那些语言与己不同的外邦人，意思是foreign（异邦的，外来的），stammering（结巴的）。这个词进入了拉丁语，拼作barbarus，以后英语通过拉丁语把它吸收了过来，作barbarian。可见barbarian一词原先并不带“野蛮”或“残暴”的含义，其今义“野蛮人（的）”或“未开化的（人）”乃是从原义引申而来。和barbarian同义的形容词barbarous亦源于此。