astr-的词源

英文词源

belly (n.)

Old English belg, bylig (West Saxon), bælg (Anglian) "leather bag, purse, bellows," from Proto-Germanic *balgiz "bag" (cognates: Old Norse belgr "bag, bellows," bylgja "billow," Gothic balgs "wineskin"), from PIE *bholgh-, from root *bhelgh- "to swell," an extension of *bhel- (2) "to blow, swell" (see bole). Meaning shifted to "abdomen of a human or animal" (late 13c.) as the old plural form of the noun emerged as a separate word (see bellows). Meaning "bulging part or concave surface of anything" is 1590s. The West Germanic root had a figurative or extended sense of "anger, arrogance" (as in Old English bolgenmod "enraged;" belgan (v.) "to become angry"), probably from the notion of "swelling."

Indo-European languages commonly use the same word for both the external belly and the internal (stomach, womb, etc.), but the distinction of external and internal is somewhat present in English belly/stomach; Greek gastr- (see gastric) in classical language denoted the paunch or belly, while modern science uses it only in reference to the stomach as an organ.

As a personal name from 12c. From c. 1200 as a symbol of gluttony. Belly-naked in Middle English was "stripped to the belly, completely naked." Fastidious avoidance of belly in speech and writing (compensated for by stretching the senses of imported stomach and abdomen, baby-talk tummy and misappropriated midriff) began late 18c. and the word was banished from Bibles in many early 19c. editions. Belly-punch (n.) is attested from 1811.

gastro-

also gastero-, scientific word-forming element meaning "stomach," before vowels gastr-, from Greek gastro-, comb. form of gaster (genitive gastros) "belly, paunch; womb" (see gastric). Also used in compounds in ancient Greek, as gastrobarys "heavy with child."

mesogastrium

"The middle region of the abdomen between the epigastrium and the hypogastrium", Mid 19th century: modern Latin, from meso- 'middle' + Greek gastēr, gastr- 'stomach'.

中文词源

astr-（星星）：希腊神话中的星空之神阿斯特赖俄斯

希腊神话中，阿斯特赖俄斯（Astraeus）是十二泰坦神之一的克利俄斯与女海神 欧律比亚的儿子。他掌管星辰，和黎明女神厄俄斯生下了众风神和星辰之神。他本人在希腊神话中没有多少事迹，但他的名字对英语学习很有帮助。他的名字 Astraeus在希腊语中就是“星辰升起”之意，因此astr-就成了英语中表示“星星”的词根，变体为aster-。

astrology：[ə'strɒlədʒɪ]n.占星术

astronomy：[ə'strɒnəmɪ]n.天文学

astronaut：['æstrənɔːt]n.宇航员

asterisk：['æstərɪsk]n.星号vt.用星号标识

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：astr- 词源，astr- 含义。