animus的词源

英文词源

animus (n.)

1820, "temper" (usually in a hostile sense), from Latin animus "rational soul, mind, life, mental powers; courage, desire," related to anima "living being, soul, mind, disposition, passion, courage, anger, spirit, feeling," from PIE root *ane- "to blow, to breathe" (cognates: Greek anemos "wind," Sanskrit aniti "breathes," Old Irish anal, Welsh anadl "breath," Old Irish animm "soul," Gothic uzanan "to exhale," Old Norse anda "to breathe," Old English eðian "to breathe," Old Church Slavonic vonja "smell, breath," Armenian anjn "soul"). It has no plural. As a term in Jungian psychology for the masculine component of a feminine personality, it dates from 1923.

中文词源

animus：敌意

发音释义：['ænɪməs] n. 敌意；意图；基本态度；女性的男性意向

词源解析：animus←拉丁语animus（生命、呼吸，阳性形式）←anima（生命、呼吸）

背景知识：在拉丁语中，表示“生命、呼吸”的词有两个，阴性词是anima，阳性词是animus。心理学家荣格用阴性词anima表示女性人格的本原或男性人格中的阴性特质，如敏感、温柔等，用阳性词animus来表示男性人格的本原或女性人格中的阳性特质，如勇敢、粗野等。由于男性人格普遍具有较强的侵略性，因此animus引申出“敌意”之意。

同源词：animal（动物），unanimous（全体一致的←意图一致的）

衍生词：animosity（敌意）

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：animus 词源，animus 含义。

animus：敌意

来自词根anim, 呼吸，风，灵魂，有生命。该词指强烈的感情，词义发生反转，强烈的敌对情绪。