anachronism的词源
英文词源
- anachronism
- anachronism: [17] The Greek prefix anameant ‘up’, and hence, in terms of time, ‘back’; Greek khrónos meant ‘time’ (as in English chronicle): hence Greek anakhronismós ‘reference to a wrong time’. From the point of view of its derivation it should strictly be applied to the representation of something as happening earlier than it really did (as if Christ were painted wearing a wristwatch), but in practice, ever since the Greek term’s adoption into English, it has also been used for things surviving beyond their due time.
=> chronicle - anachronism (n.)
- 1640s, "an error in computing time or finding dates," from Latin anachronismus, from Greek anakhronismos, from anakhronizein "refer to wrong time," from ana- "against" (see ana-) + khronos "time" (see chrono-). Meaning "something out of harmony with the present" first recorded 1816.
中文词源
发音释义:[ə'nækrə,nɪz(ə)m] n. 时代错误
结构分析:anachronism =ana(against,违反)+chron(时间)+ism(现象)→时代错误
词源解释:chron←希腊语khronos (时间)
背景知识:柯罗诺斯(Khronos/Chronos)是古希腊神话中的超原始神,是时间的化身,他存在于最初之前、并创造一切,是混沌和秩序的来源。英语中表示“时间”的词根chrono就来源于他的名字。不少人把柯罗诺斯和泰坦神王克洛诺斯(Cronos)混淆。
同源词:chronic(慢性的、长期的),chronicle(编年史),synchronal(同步的)
衍生词:anachronistic(时代错误的、年代出错的)
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:anachronism 词源,anachronism 含义。
前缀ana-, 向上,向后。词根chron, 时间,见chronicle,编年史。
源自希腊语anachronismos,原字面义为back—timing(落后于时代),由ana-‘against,backward'和chronos‘time'两部分构成,17世纪始用于英语,一般辞书释义为“时代错误”。所谓时代错误系指所叙人事与时代不符的错误,最常见于以历史为背景而富有想像力的作品中。莎士比亚的作品中有不少时代错误,例如《亨利四世(上篇)》中提到的火鸡,《安东尼和克娄巴特拉》中的台球,《约翰王》中的大炮。无意识的时代错误往往出于对艺术和科学及历史事实的无知,但有意识地审慎地运用时代错误则可以收到滑稽,讽刺或其他艺术效果。