allay的词源

英文词源

allay

allay: [OE] In Old English, alecgan meant literally ‘lay aside’ (-a ‘away, aside, out’, lecgan ‘lay’). The more recent senses ‘relieve, mitigate’ developed from the 13th to the 15th centuries owing to the influence of two formally similar Old French verbs: aleger ‘lighten’ (from Latin alleviāre, source of English alleviate [15]); and al(e)ier ‘qualify, moderate’ (source of English alloy).
=> lay

allay (v.)

Old English alecgan "to put down, remit, give up," a Germanic compound (cognates: Gothic uslagjan, Old High German irleccan, German erlegen), from a- "down, aside" + lecgan "to lay" (see lay).

Early Middle English pronunciations of -y- and -g- were not always distinct, and the word was confused in Middle English with various senses of Romanic-derived alloy and allege, especially the latter in an obsolete sense of "to lighten," from Latin ad- "to" + levis (see lever).

Amid the overlapping of meanings that thus arose, there was developed a perplexing network of uses of allay and allege, that belong entirely to no one of the original vbs., but combine the senses of two or more of them. [OED]

The double -l- is 17c., a mistaken Latinism. Related: Allayed; allaying.

中文词源

allay：减轻

发音释义：[ə'leɪ] vt. 减轻；使缓和；使平静

结构分析：allay = a（倒）+l（连接成分）+lay（躺）→让人躺倒→休息→减轻、使缓和、使平静

词源解释：lay←拉丁语lecgan（躺、放下）

同源词：lay（躺），underlay（垫起←躺在下面）

衍生词：allayer（抑制器）

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：allay 词源，allay 含义。

allay：缓和

古英语前缀a-, 放下，离开，来自PIE *uz, 词源同out ，此处受前缀al- 影响俗化. 单词lay,放置。