afford的词源
英文词源
- afford
- afford: [OE] This verb originally meant ‘accomplish, fulfil’. In Old English times it was geforthian, formed from the prefix ge-, denoting completion of an action, and forthian ‘advance towards completion’ or literally ‘further’ (from the adverb forth). The notion of accomplishing something or managing something gradually led, by the 15th century, to the idea of being able to do something because one has enough money.
Meanwhile, the original ge- prefix, which by Middle English times had become i- (iforthien), had been transformed into af- under the influence of the many Latin-based words beginning in aff-, and in the 16th century spellings with final d in place of th start to appear.
=> forth - afford (v.)
- Middle English aforthen, from Old English geforðian "to put forth, contribute; further, advance; carry out, accomplish," from ge- completive prefix (see a- (1)) + forðian "to further," from forð "forward, onward" (see forth).
Change of -th- to -d- took place late 16c. (and also transformed burthen and murther into their modern forms). Prefix shift to af- took place 16c. under mistaken belief that it was a Latin word in ad-. Notion of "accomplish" (late Old English) gradually became "be able to bear the expense of, have enough money" to do something (late 14c.). Older sense is preserved in afford (one) an opportunity. Related: Afforded; affording.
中文词源
发音释义：[ə'fɔrd] vt.买得起，负担得起，承受住
结构分析：afford = af（=ad，去）+ford（=forth，往前）→推进、实现、完成→能够承担其中的费用或代价→负担得起
词源解释：ford←古英语forð（=forth，往前）
同源词：affordable（负担得起的），forth（往前）
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：afford 词源，afford 含义。
前缀af-同ad-, 去，往。词根ford,向前，同forth. 指资助，推动前进。
afford：买得起，花得起；供给，给予
来源于古英语geforthian(完成),其前缀ge-意义为“行动完成”,后半部forthian意义为“进一步”;“完成”(geforthian)意味着“有能力做”而最终变为“有足够的钱做”;前缀ge-在中古英语时期变为i-(iforthian),受来源于拉丁语的含前缀aff-的英语词汇的影响,前缀i-又演变为af-;到16世纪,后半部forthian尾部th最终被d代替。
同源词：forth
