afflict的词源
英文词源
- afflict
- afflict: [14] When it originally entered English, afflict meant ‘overthrow’, reflecting its origins in Latin afflīgere ‘throw down’, a compound verb formed from the prefix ad- ‘to’ and flīgere ‘strike’. English afflict comes either from the Latin past participle afflictus, from a new Latin verb formed from this, afflictāre, or perhaps from the now obsolete English adjective afflict, which was borrowed from Old French aflit and refashioned on the Latin model. The meaning ‘torment, distress’ developed in the early 16th century.
- afflict (v.)
- late 14c., "to cast down," from Old French aflicter, from Latin afflictare "to damage, harass, torment," frequentative of affligere (past participle afflictus) "to dash down, overthrow," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + fligere (past participle flictus) "to strike," from PIE root *bhlig- "to strike" (cognates: Greek phlibein "to press, crush," Czech blizna "scar," Welsh blif "catapult"). Transferred meaning of "trouble, distress," is first recorded 1530s. Related: Afflicted; afflicting.
中文词源
发音释义：[ə'flɪkt] vt. 折磨；使痛苦；使苦恼
结构分析：afflict = af（=ad，去）+flict（击打）→击打→折磨
词源解释：flict←拉丁语flictus（击打）
同源词：affliction（苦难、痛苦、折磨），inflict（造成，使遭受），infliction（处罚），conflict（冲突←相互击打），conflictual（具有冲突的）
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：afflict 词源，afflict 含义。
前缀af-同ad-, 去，往。词根flict, 击打，见conflict, 冲突。
affluent 富裕的
前缀af-同ad-, 去，往。词根flu, 流动，流出。
词根词缀： af-加强意义 + -flict-打击
