affinity的词源

英文词源

affinityyoudaoicibaDictYouDict
affinity: [14] The abstract notion of ‘relationship’ in affinity was originally a more concrete conception of a border. The word comes, via Old French afinite, from the Latin adjective affinis, which meant literally ‘bordering on something’. It was formed from the prefix ad- ‘to’ and the noun finis ‘border’ (from which English also gets finish, confine, and define).
=> confine, define, finish, paraffin, refine
affinity (n.)youdaoicibaDictYouDict
c. 1300, "relation by marriage" (as opposed to consanguinity), from Old French afinité (12c.), from Latin affinitatem (nominative affinitas) "neighborhood, relationship by marriage," noun of state from affinis "adjacent," also "kin by marriage," literally "bordering on," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + finis "a border, a boundary" (see finish (v.)). Used figuratively since c. 1600 of structural relationships in chemistry, philology, etc. Meaning "natural attraction" (as though by family) is from 1610s.

中文词源

affinity(密切关系):由于婚姻而产生的亲戚关系

婚姻不仅能使一对男女成为一家人,而且能使两个原本无关的家族产生一种亲戚关系,这就是所谓的“姻亲”。在英语中用affinity表示。该词源于拉丁语affinis,由ad(to)+finis(边界)构成,本意是“接壤、结合”,用来表示两个家庭因为婚姻而靠近、结合在一起。英语词根fin就源自拉丁语finis,表示“边界、末端”,如final、finish等单词。

两大家族通过联姻而结成同盟是中外通用的政治手段。在古罗马时期,这种事就司马见惯,如凯撒将自己的独生女许配给比自己还大的庞培,安东尼把自己的继女许配给屋大维。与中国皇帝不同的是,古罗马人不是把闺女许配给对方的儿子,而是直接许配给对方。

affinity: [ə'fɪnɪtɪ] n.姻亲关系,密切关系;类似性,吸引力,亲和力;。记:ad(to)+fin(边界)+ity→接壤,结合→姻亲,密切关系,类似性,吸引力,亲和力

final:['faɪn(ə)l] adj.最终的n.决赛,期末考试。记:fin(末端)+al→最终的

finish:['fɪnɪʃ] v.n.结束,完成。记:fin(末端)+ish→终结,完成

infinite: ['ɪnfɪnət] adj.无限的,无穷的n.无限,无穷大。记:in(否定)+fin(边界)+ite→没有边界的

infinity: [ɪn'fɪnɪtɪ] n.无限,无穷,无穷大

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:affinity 词源,affinity 含义。

affinity:密切关系

发音释义:[ə'fɪnəti] n. 密切关系;吸引力;亲和力;姻亲关系;类同

结构分析:affinity = af(=ad,去)+fini(边界)+ty(名词后缀)→边界相接→结成亲家→密切关系、吸引力

词源解释:fini←拉丁语finis(边界)

背景知识:affinity的本意是“姻亲”,即通过婚姻而形成的亲戚关系。

同源词:fine(罚款←解除责任),final(最后),finish(完成←走到头),infinite(无限),define(定义←给出边界),confine(限制←约束在边界内)

affinity:喜爱

前缀af-同ad-, 去,往。词根fin, 范围,见finish. 原指结为亲家,纳入亲人范围,后指喜爱。

affinity:姻亲关系

; affinity 姻亲关系,密切关系,相似

该词源自拉丁语affinitas,原义是“姻亲关系”,以别于consanguinity(血缘关系)一词。18世纪博物学家用affinity来指“(生物之间的)类同",以后它又被用以指“(语言等之问的)相似"或“密切关系”。

;

affinity:本性爱好,同情心;(尤指动物、植物、语言之间结构的)类同,相似性;姻亲关系;亲和力,亲和性

词根词缀: af-朝,向 + -fin-结束,界限 + -ity名词词尾 → 全部向结束点靠拢