aegis的词源

英文词源

aegis: aegis: [18] The notion of ‘protection’ contained in this word goes back to classical mythology, in which one of the functions or attributes of the Greek god Zeus (and later of Roman Jupiter or Minerva) was the giving of protection. This was usually represented visually as a shield, traditionally held to be made of goatskin – hence Greek aigís, the name of the shield, came to be associated in the popular imagination with aix (aig- in its stem form), the Greek word for ‘goat’. English borrowed the word directly from Latin.
aegis (n.): "protection," 1793, from Latin aegis, from Greek Aigis, the name of the shield of Zeus, said by Herodotus to be related to aix (genitive aigos) "goat," from PIE *aig- "goat" (cognates: Sanskrit ajah, Lithuanian ozys "he-goat"), as the shield was of goatskin. Athene's aigis was a short goat-skin cloak, covered with scales, set with a gorgon's head, and fringed with snakes. The exact use and purpose of it is not now clear.
The goatskin would be worn with the two forelegs tied in front of the wearer's breast, or possibly with the head passed through an opening made at the neck, by the removal of the animal's head. [F. Warre Cornish, ed., "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities," London, 1898]

中文词源

aegis（保护、赞助）：希腊神话中宙斯送给雅典娜的神盾

在希腊神话中，神王宙斯拥有一块神盾，称为Aegis。它是火神赫菲斯托斯特地为宙斯锻造的，上面还蒙有一块曾经哺育过宙斯的母山羊阿玛尔忒亚的毛皮。这块盾牌拥有巨大的魔力，只要摇晃一下，就会天摇地动，电闪雷鸣。后来，宙斯因为宠爱女儿雅典娜，就把这块盾牌送给了雅典娜。雅典娜在盾牌中间安上了蛇发女妖美杜莎的头，进一步增强了神盾的魔力，任何被它的光芒照到的人都会化为石头。从此以后雅典娜战无不胜、所向披靡。

Aegis盾牌是雅典娜的象征物，代表着雅典娜对她的子民的护佑，因此，小写的单词aegis便产生了“保护、赞助”的含义。

aegis：['iːdʒɪs]n.保护，赞助，庇护

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：aegis 词源，aegis 含义。

aegis：庇护

发音释义：['idʒɪs] n. 保护；庇护；支持；赞助

词源解释：aegis←拉丁语aegis（庇护）←希腊语Aigis（宙斯的盾牌）

背景知识：在希腊神话中，神王宙斯拥有一块神盾，称为Aegis。它是火神赫菲斯托斯特地为宙斯锻造的，上面还蒙有一块曾经哺育过宙斯的母山羊的毛皮。这块盾牌拥有巨大的魔力，只要摇晃一下，就会天摇地动，电闪雷鸣。后来，宙斯把这块盾牌送给了雅典娜。雅典娜在盾牌中间安上了蛇发女妖美杜莎的头，进一步增强了神盾的魔力，任何被它的光芒照到的人都会化为石头。从此以后雅典娜战无不胜、所向披靡。

相关知识：“宙斯盾”（Aegis）是美国海军现役最重要的整合式水面舰艇作战系统，全名为“空中预警与地面整合系统”（Advanced Electronic Guidance Information System/Airborne Early-warning Ground Integrated System），英文缩写刚好是希腊神话中宙斯之盾(AEGIS)，所以也译为“宙斯盾”系统。

aegis：羊皮盾

来自词根aig, 羊，同amnion, 羊膜。希腊神话中天神宙斯由母山羊养大，为答谢母山羊养育之恩，宙斯赋予其神力。由此母山羊皮制成的盾坚固无比，此盾后送给雅典娜。

aegis：庇护，保护，赞助，主办

典出古希腊神话。在希腊神话中aegis指主神宙斯的神盾。据荷马史诗，神盾是火和锻冶之神赫菲斯托斯( Hephaestus)特地为宙斯铸造的。据荷马以后的传说，神盾上还蒙着一块曾哺育过宙斯的母山羊阿玛尔忒亚( Amalthaea)的毛皮。神盾魔力无边，宙斯只要猛力晃动一下，天空便顿时电闪雷鸣，风雨大作，敌人无不丧魂落魄，惊恐万状。智慧、技艺和战争女神雅典娜(Athena)每次执行其父宙斯的使命时总是随身带着神盾，因为它既象征权力，也象征神明的庇佑。aegis本为拉丁语，源自希腊语aigis，原是“山羊皮”的意思，但在英语中通常只用于喻义，表示“庇护”、“保护”、“赞助”、“主办”等义，而且一般多用于短语under the aegis of，意思是“在…庇护（或保护）之下”、“由…主办（或发起）”或“在…指导之下”。