advocate的词源

英文词源

advocate

advocate: [14] Etymologically, advocate contains the notion of ‘calling’, specifically of calling someone in for advice or as a witness. This was the meaning of the Latin verb advocāre (formed from vocāre ‘call’, from which English also gets vocation). Its past participle, advocātus, came to be used as a noun, originally meaning ‘legal witness or adviser’, and later ‘attorney’.

In Old French this became avocat, the form in which English borrowed it; it was later relatinized to advocate. The verb advocate does not appear until the 17th century. The word was also borrowed into Dutch, as advocaat, and the compound advocaatenborrel, literally ‘lawyer’s drink’, has, by shortening, given English the name for a sweetish yellow concoction of eggs and brandy.
=> invoke, revoke, vocation

advocate (n.)

mid-14c., "one whose profession is to plead cases in a court of justice," a technical term from Roman law, from Old French avocat "barrister, advocate, spokesman," from Latin advocatus "one called to aid; a pleader, advocate," noun use of past participle of advocare "to call" (as witness or advisor) from ad- "to" (see ad-) + vocare "to call," related to vocem (see voice (n.)). Also in Middle English as "one who intercedes for another," and "protector, champion, patron." Feminine forms advocatess, advocatrice were in use in 15c.

advocate (v.)

1640s, from advocate (n.). Related: Advocated; advocating; advocation.

中文词源

advocate（提倡者）：罗马法律中的出庭律师

英语单词advocate原本是一个罗马法律中的专业术语，指在法庭上为人辩护的人，即现在所谓的“律师”。它来自拉丁文advocatus，是advocare的过去式的名词形式，而后者由ad（to）+vocare（=call，呼吁，单词voice的词源）构成，本意是指“（为某人）在法庭上呼吁”。肯为某人在法庭上呼吁，自然就是支持某人了。因此，该词后来引申出支持（人）、提倡（者）的意思。

由于英国法律受罗马法影响较小，因此在英语中，advocate一般表示“支持者或提倡者”，而用barrister来表示律师。仅当专指遵循罗马法的国家或地区（如苏格兰）或一些特别法庭中的“律师”，才用advocate一词表示。

advocate：['ædvəkeɪt] n.提倡者，支持者，律师vt.提倡，支持，拥护

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：advocate 词源，advocate 含义。

advocate：提倡

发音释义：['ædvəket] vt. 提倡，主张，拥护n. 提倡者；支持者；律师

结构分析：advocate = ad（去）+voc（喊）+ate（后缀）→（法庭）喊他（上前进行辩护）→律师→支持者、拥护者、提倡者→提倡、主张

词源解释：voc←拉丁语vocare（呼喊）

背景知识：advocate原本表示古罗马的律师，负责在法庭上为委托人进行辩护，听到法官的喊声后上前发言，因此被称为advocate。由于advocate替委托人争取利益，因而衍生出“支持者、拥护者、提倡者”的含义。

同源词：voice（声音），vocation（职业、神召），avocation（副业），vocabulary（词汇表），evocation（招魂）

advocate：倡导

前缀ad-, 去，往。词根voc, 说，同voice.

advocate：提倡，鼓吹

词根词缀： ad-来,临近 + -voc-声音,叫喊 + -ate动词词尾

advocate：倡导

ad-,去，往，-voc,说，词源同voice.